Innovations in Geroscience to enhance mobility in older adults

Autor: Mamoun T. Mardini, Natalie C. Ebner, Sanjay Ranka, Henrique Kallas, Kimberly T. Sibille, Sung Min Han, Carolyn M. Tucker, Karyn A. Esser, Yenisel Cruz-Almeida, Christian McLaren, Robert T. Mankowski, David J. Clark, Frederick A. Moore, Roger B. Fillingim, Todd M. Manini, Jordan M Alpert, Melanie Cabrera, Benjamin A. Bensadon, Michael Marsiske, Arashdeep Singh, Stephanie E. Wohlgemuth, Alisa J Johnson, Peihua Qiu, Soamy Montesino Goicolea, Shinichi Someya, Marco Pahor, Parisa Rashidi, Sunil Kumar Saini, Stephen D. Anton, Rui Xiao, Andrew C. Liu, Christiaan Leeuwenburgh
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Experimental Gerontology
ISSN: 0531-5565
DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111123
Popis: Aging is the primary risk factor for functional decline; thus, understanding and preventing disability among older adults has emerged as an important public health challenge of the 21st century. The science of gerontology – or geroscience - has the practical purpose of “adding life to the years.” The overall goal of geroscience is to increase healthspan, which refers to extending the portion of the lifespan in which the individual experiences enjoyment, satisfaction, and wellness. An important facet of this goal is preserving mobility, defined as the ability to move independently. Despite this clear purpose, this has proven to be a challenging endeavor as mobility and function in later life are influenced by a complex interaction of factors across multiple domains. Moreover, findings over the past decade have highlighted the complexity of walking and how targeting multiple systems, including the brain and sensory organs, as well as the environment in which a person lives, can have a dramatic effect on an older person's mobility and function. For these reasons, behavioral interventions that incorporate complex walking tasks and other activities of daily living appear to be especially helpful for improving mobility function. Other pharmaceutical interventions, such as oxytocin, and complementary and alternative interventions, such as massage therapy, may enhance physical function both through direct effects on biological mechanisms related to mobility, as well as indirectly through modulation of cognitive and socioemotional processes. Thus, the purpose of the present review is to describe evolving interventional approaches to enhance mobility and maintain healthspan in the growing population of older adults in the United States and countries throughout the world. Such interventions are likely to be greatly assisted by technological advances and the widespread adoption of virtual communications during and after the COVID-19 era.
Highlights • Findings over the past decade have highlighted the complexity of walking and how targeting multiple systems, including the brain and sensory organs, as well as the environment in which a person lives, can have a dramatic effect on an older person's mobility and function. • Behavioral interventions that incorporate complex walking tasks and other activities of daily living appear to be especially helpful for improving mobility function. • Effective future interventions, however, will need to take into consideration factors across multiple domains, as well as the complex interaction among these factors. • Before translating interventions on a broad scale, however, their suitability and effectiveness across a number of domains are needed to help inform decision making.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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