To What Extent Do Neighborhood Differences Mediate Racial Disparities in Participation After Spinal Cord Injury?
| Autor: | Alan M. Jette, Mike Boninger, Denise Fyffe, Susan Charlifue, Claire Z. Kalpakjian, Allen W. Heinemann, Tanya Rohrbach, Amanda L. Botticello, Yuying Chen, Jeanne M. Hoffman |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Gerontology Cross-sectional study Health Status medicine.medical_treatment Physical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation Environment Odds American Community Survey 03 medical and health sciences Interpersonal relationship 0302 clinical medicine Social integration Residence Characteristics Humans Medicine Disabled Persons Interpersonal Relations 030212 general & internal medicine Mobility Limitation Occupations Socioeconomic status Spinal Cord Injuries Trauma Severity Indices Rehabilitation business.industry Racial Groups Age Factors Middle Aged Social Participation Social engagement Cross-Sectional Studies Socioeconomic Factors Quality of Life Female business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 97:1735-1744 |
| ISSN: | 0003-9993 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.apmr.2016.04.007 |
| Popis: | Objective To examine the role of residential neighborhood characteristics in accounting for race disparities in participation among a large sample of community-living adults with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). Design Secondary analysis of cross-sectional survey data from the national Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems (SCIMS) database linked with national survey and spatial data. Setting SCIMS database participants enrolled at 10 collaborating centers active in follow-up between 2000 and 2014. Participants The sample consisted of persons with SCI (N=6892) in 5441 Census tracts from 50 states and the District of Columbia. Intervention Not applicable. Main Outcome Measure The Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique was used to measure full participation across 4 domains: physical independence, mobility, occupation, and social integration. Results Racial minority groups had lower odds of reporting full participation relative to whites across all domains, suggesting that blacks and Hispanics are at risk for poorer community reintegration after SCI. Neighborhood characteristics, notably differences in socioeconomic advantage, reduced race group differences in the odds of full occupational and social integration, suggesting that the race disparities in community reintegration after SCI are partially attributable to variation in the economic characteristics of the places where people live. Conclusions This investigation suggests that addressing disadvantage at the neighborhood level may modify gaps in community participation after medical rehabilitation and provides further support for the role of the environment in the experience of disability. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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