Differential expression of nitric oxide synthases (NOS 1-3) in human skeletal muscle following exercise countermeasure during 12 weeks of bed rest
| Autor: | Michele Salanova, Björn Alkner, Benedikt Schoser, Hanns-Christian Gunga, Britta Püttmann, Jana Rudnick, Gabriele Lück, Karl Kirsch, Per A. Tesch, Dieter Blottner, Gudrun Schiffl |
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| Rok vydání: | 2004 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty Ergometry Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III medicine.medical_treatment Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I Biology Bed rest Nitric Oxide Biochemistry Caveolins Nitric oxide Head-Down Tilt chemistry.chemical_compound Sarcolemma Biosynthesis Internal medicine No synthase Caveolin Genetics medicine Humans Differential expression Muscle activity Muscle Skeletal Molecular Biology Weightlessness Simulation Microcirculation Biopsy Needle Skeletal muscle Capillaries Cell Compartmentation Exercise Therapy Vasodilation Muscular Atrophy medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology Muscle Fibers Slow-Twitch chemistry Enzyme Induction Muscle Fibers Fast-Twitch Nitric Oxide Synthase Bed Rest Biotechnology |
| Zdroj: | FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 18(11) |
| ISSN: | 1530-6860 |
| Popis: | Adaptive changes of major body systems in astronauts during spaceflight can be simulated by strict anti-orthostatic head-down tilt (HDT) bed rest (BR), a ground-based microgravity (microG) model that provides a meaningful opportunity to study atrophy mechanisms and possible countermeasures under controlled experimental conditions. As nitric oxide (NO) signaling is linked to muscle activity, we investigated altered expression of the three major isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS 1-3) at cellular compartments during prolonged HDT BR without (control group) and with resistance exercise interventions (exercise group) using a flywheel ergometer (FWE). Atrophy detected in mixed (fast-slow) m. vastus lateralis (VL) and slow-type m. soleus (SOL) myofiber Types I and II (minus 35-40% of myofiber cross-sectional area) was prevented by FWE training. Concomitant to muscle atrophy, reduced NOS 1 protein and immunostaining was found in VL not in SOL biopsies. In trained VL, NOS 1 protein and immunostaining at myofibers II were significantly increased at the end of BR. Exercise altered NOS 2/caveolin 3 co-immunostaining patterns of subsarcolemmal focal accumulations in VL or SOL myofibers, which suggests reorganization of sarcolemmal microdomains. In trained VL, increased capillary-to-fiber (C/F) ratio and NOS 3 protein content were documented. Activity-linked NO signaling may be widespread in skeletal muscle cellular compartments that may be directly or indirectly impacted by adequate exercise countermeasure protocols to offset the negative effects induced by disuse, immobilization, or extended exposure to microgravity. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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