Fractional-Dose Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine Campaign - Sindh Province, Pakistan, 2016
| Autor: | Rana M. Safdar, Muhammad Nadeem Shah, Sharifa Akter, Naila Azam, Kamaluddin Soomro, Fayaz A Jatoi, Mufti Zubair Wadood, Aslam Pervaiz, Abdirahman Mahamud, Mumtaz Ali Laghari, Jamal A. Ahmed, Noha H. Farag, Ashley L. Burman, Chukwuma Mbaeyi, Rana Jawad Asghar, Mirza Amir Baig, Derek Ehrhardt |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Health (social science) Epidemiology Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis 030231 tropical medicine medicine.disease_cause High coverage Disease Outbreaks 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Health Information Management Environmental health medicine Humans Pakistan 030212 general & internal medicine Full Report Sewage business.industry Immunization Programs Poliovirus Public health Infant General Medicine medicine.disease Inactivated polio vaccine Oral Poliovirus Vaccine Poliomyelitis Vaccination Poliovirus Vaccine Inactivated Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine business Program Evaluation |
| Zdroj: | MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report |
| ISSN: | 1545-861X |
| Popis: | Following the declaration of eradication of wild poliovirus (WPV) type 2 in September 2015, trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (tOPV) was withdrawn globally to reduce the risk for type 2 vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV2) transmission; all countries implemented a synchronized switch to bivalent OPV (type 1 and 3) in April 2016 (1,2). Any isolation of VDPV2 after the switch is to be treated as a potential public health emergency and might indicate the need for supplementary immunization activities (3,4). On August 9, 2016, VDPV2 was isolated from a sewage sample taken from an environmental surveillance site in Hyderabad, Sindh province, Pakistan. Possible vaccination activities in response to VDPV2 isolation include the use of injectable inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), which poses no risk for vaccine-derived poliovirus transmission. Fractional-dose, intradermal IPV (fIPV), one fifth of the standard intramuscular dose, has been developed to more efficiently manage limited IPV supplies. fIPV has been shown in some studies to be noninferior to full-dose IPV (5,6) and was used successfully in response to a similar detection of a single VDPV2 isolate from sewage in India (7). Injectable fIPV was used for response activities in Hyderabad and three neighboring districts. This report describes the findings of an assessment of preparatory activities and subsequent implementation of the fIPV campaign. Despite achieving high coverage (>80%), several operational challenges were noted. The lessons learned from this campaign could help to guide the planning and implementation of future fIPV vaccination activities. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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