Founder effects and species introductions: A host versus parasite perspective
| Autor: | Irit Altman, April M. H. Blakeslee, Kristin Kennedy, Gregory M. Ruiz, Linsey E. Haram, A. Whitman Miller |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Range (biology) lcsh:Evolution Zoology Special Issue Original Article 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Gene flow trematode 03 medical and health sciences lcsh:QH359-425 life cycle Genetics Special Issue Original Articles propagule pressure Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Genetic diversity biology Ilyanassa obsoleta Host (biology) Propagule pressure introduction vector invasion biology.organism_classification 030104 developmental biology Population bottleneck gene flow General Agricultural and Biological Sciences genetic bottleneck Founder effect |
| Zdroj: | Evolutionary Applications Evolutionary Applications, Vol 13, Iss 3, Pp 559-574 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 1752-4571 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/eva.12868 |
| Popis: | Species colonizations (both natural and anthropogenic) can be associated with genetic founder effects, where founding populations demonstrate significant genetic bottlenecks compared to native populations. Yet, many successfully established free‐living species exhibit little reduction in genetic diversity—possibly due to multiple founding events and/or high propagule pressure during introductions. Less clear, however, is whether parasites may show differential signatures to their free‐living hosts. Parasites with indirect life cycles may particularly be more prone to founder effects (i.e., more genetically depauperate) because of inherently smaller founding populations and complex life cycles. We investigated this question in native (east coast) and introduced (west coast) North American populations of a host snail Tritia obsoleta (formerly Ilyanassa obsoleta, the eastern mudsnail) and four trematode parasite species that obligately infect it. We examined genetic diversity, gene flow, and population structure using two molecular markers (mitochondrial and nuclear) for the host and the parasites. In the host snail, we found little to no evidence of genetic founder effects, while the trematode parasites showed significantly lower genetic diversity in the introduced versus native ranges. Moreover, the parasite's final host influenced infection prevalence and genetic diversity: Trematode species that utilized fish as final hosts demonstrated lower parasite diversity and heightened founder effects in the introduced range than those trematodes using birds as final hosts. In addition, inter‐regional gene flow was strongest for comparisons that included the putative historical source region (mid‐Atlantic populations of the US east coast). Overall, our results broaden understanding of the role that colonization events (including recent anthropogenic introductions) have on genetic diversity in non‐native organisms by also evaluating less studied groups like parasites. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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