Evaluation of plasma concentration after intravenous and intramuscular penicillin administration over 24 hr in healthy adult horses
| Autor: | Elizabeth M. Santschi, Matthew Warner, Butch KuKanich, Jarrod T. Younkin, Brian V. Lubbers |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Staphylococcus aureus
040301 veterinary sciences Penicillin G Procaine Microbial Sensitivity Tests Penicillins Pharmacology Injections Intramuscular Drug Administration Schedule Mass Spectrometry 0403 veterinary science Clinical study 03 medical and health sciences Streptococcus sp Potassium penicillin g Medicine Animals Streptococcus equi Horses 0303 health sciences General Veterinary 030306 microbiology business.industry Horse 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Venous blood Anti-Bacterial Agents Penicillin Pharmacodynamics Plasma concentration Injections Intravenous business medicine.drug Chromatography Liquid |
| Zdroj: | Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics. 42(2) |
| ISSN: | 1365-2885 |
| Popis: | Penicillin is administered intravenously (IV) or intramuscularly (IM) to horses for the prevention and treatment of infections, and both routes have disadvantages. To minimize these shortcomings, a 24-hr hybrid administration protocol (HPP) was developed. Our objective was to determine penicillin plasma concentrations in horses administered via HPP. Venous blood was collected from seven healthy horses administered IV potassium penicillin G at 0 and 6 hr and IM procaine penicillin G at 12 hr. Blood was collected at 2-hr intervals from 0 to 20 hr and at 24 hr. Plasma penicillin concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Penicillin susceptibility from equine isolates was examined to determine pharmacodynamic targets. The MIC90 of penicillin for 264 isolates of Streptococcus sp. was ≤0.06 μg/ml. For the 24-hr dosing interval, the mean plasma penicillin concentration was >0.07 μg/ml. Five horses (72%) exceeded 0.06 μg/ml for 98% of the dosing interval, and two horses exceeded this value for 52%-65% of the dosing interval. The HPP achieved mean plasma penicillin concentrations in healthy adult horses above 0.07 μg/ml for a 24-hr dosing interval. However, individual variations in plasma concentrations were apparent and deserve future clinical study. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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