X-ray flashes or soft gamma-ray bursts?. The case of the likely distant XRF 040912

Autor: S. Klose, D. A. Kann, K. Takagishi, Stéphane Basa, A. de Ugarte Postigo, Geoffrey B. Crew, C. Graziani, A. Pelangeon, João Braga, Héctor O. Castañeda, M. Suzuki, Yuji Shirasaki, D. Q. Lamb, N. Butler, G. Stratta, Atsumasa Yoshida, N. Masetti, G. Prigozhin, Martin Jelínek, Frederic Malacrino, Jean-Luc Atteia, J. Manchanda, A. M. Levine, Makoto Yamauchi, Y. E. Nakagawa, George R. Ricker, A. J. Castro-Tirado, Toru Tamagawa, Yannick Mellier, T. Q. Donaghy, F. Martel, Eliana Palazzi, M. Galassi, A. Zeh, John P. Doty, J. Villasenor, E. E. Fenimore, J. F. Olive, Bruce Gendre, Nobuyuki Kawai, T. Sakamoto, G. Pizzichini, M. Matsuoka, J. G. Jernigan, David Martinez-Delgado, M. Boer, J. Cepa, J. Gorosabel, Satoshi Sugita, R. Vanderspek, J. P. Dezalay, S. E. Woosley
Přispěvatelé: Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Laboratoire Astrophysique de Toulouse-Tarbes (LATT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics [Chicago], University of Chicago, Institute for Plasma Research [Gandhinagar], Center for Space Research [Cambridge] (CSR), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Department of Physics, Sophia University, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2007
Předmět:
Zdroj: Astronomy and Astrophysics-A&A
Astronomy and Astrophysics-A&A, EDP Sciences, 2007, 461, pp.485-492. ⟨10.1051/0004-6361:20065831⟩
Astronomy and Astrophysics-A&A, 2007, 461, pp.485-492. ⟨10.1051/0004-6361:20065831⟩
ISSN: 0004-6361
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:20065831⟩
Popis: In this work, we present a multi-wavelength study of XRF 040912, aimed at measuring its distance scale and the intrinsic burst properties. We performed a detailed spectral and temporal analysis of both the prompt and the afterglow emission and we estimated the distance scale of the likely host galaxy. We then used the currently available sample of XRFs with known distance to discuss the connection between XRFs and classical Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs). We found that the prompt emission properties unambiguously identify this burst as an XRF, with an observed peak energy of E_p=17+/-13 keV and a burst fluence ratio S(2-30keV)/S(30-400keV)>1. A non-fading optical source with R~24 mag and with an apparently extended morphology is spatially consistent with the X-ray afterglow, likely the host galaxy. XRF 040912 is a very dark burst since no afterglow optical counterpart is detected down to R>25 mag (3 sigma limiting magnitude) at 13.6 hours after the burst. The host galaxy spectrum detected from 3800A to 10000A, shows a single emission line at 9552A. The lack of any other strong emission lines blue-ward of the detected one and the absence of the Ly alpha cut-off down to 3800A are consistent with the hypothesis of the [OII] line at redshift z=1.563+/-0.001. The intrinsic spectral properties rank this XRF among the soft GRBs in the E_peak-E_iso diagram. Similar results were obtained for most XRFs at known redshift. Only XRF 060218 and XRF 020903 represent a good example of instrinsic XRF(i-XRF) and are possibly associated with a different progenitor population. This scenario may calls for a new definition of XRFs.
10 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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