Gradual caldera collapse at Bardarbunga volcano, Iceland, regulated by lateral magma outflow

Autor: Thórdís Högnadóttir, Martin Hensch, Vincent Drouin, Amy Donovan, Martin P. J. Schöpfer, Alessandro Aiuppa, Joaquín M. C. Belart, Tayo van Boeckel, Melissa Anne Pfeffer, Andrew Hooper, Sebastian Heimann, Eniko Bali, Benedikt G. Ófeigsson, Sæmundur A. Halldórsson, Gro Pedersen, Morten S. Riishuus, Stéphanie Dumont, Magnús T. Gudmundsson, Freysteinn Sigmundsson, Sigurdur Jakobsson, Olgeir Sigmarsson, Torsten Dahm, Páll Einarsson, Finnur Pálsson, Thomas R. Walter, Gunnar B. Gudmundsson, Sigrún Hreinsdóttir, Kristín Jónsdóttir, Mike Burton, Michelle Parks, Gudmundur H. Gudfinnsson, Guðfinna Aðalgeirsdóttir, Simone Cesca, Baldur Bergsson, Eoghan P. Holohan, Björn Oddsson, Matthew J. Roberts, Marco Bagnardi, Kristján Jónasson, Vala Hjörleifsdóttir, Sara Barsotti, Kristín Vogfjörd, Hildur M. Fridriksdottir, Tobias Dürig, Alexander H. Jarosch, Eyjólfur Magnússon, Karsten Spaans, Hannah I. Reynolds
Přispěvatelé: School of Earth and Environment [Leeds] (SEE), University of Leeds, Department of Geology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College, German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam (GFZ), Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV), Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Iceland [Reykjavik], GeoForschungsZentrum - Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam (GFZ), Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Dipartimento DiSTeM, Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università di Palermo, Institut für Geophysik, Universität Hamburg (UHH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gudmundsson, M., Jónsdóttir, K., Hooper, A., Holohan, E., Halldórsson, S., Ófeigsson, B., Cesca, S., Vogfjörd, K., Sigmundsson, F., Högnadóttir, T., Einarsson, P., Sigmarsson, O., Jarosch, A., Jónasson, K., Magnússon, E., Hreinsdóttir, S., Bagnardi, M., Parks, M., Hjörleifsdóttir, V., Pálsson, F., Walter, T., Schöpfer, M., Heimann, S., Reynolds, H., Dumont, S., Bali, E., Gudfinnsson, G., Dahm, T., Roberts, M., Hensch, M., Belart, J., Spaans, K., Jakobsson, S., Gudmundsson, G., Fridriksdóttir, H., Drouin, V., Dürig, T., Adalgeirsdóttir, G., Riishuus, M., Pedersen, G., Van Boeckel, T., Oddsson, B., Pfeffer, M., Barsotti, S., Bergsson, B., Donovan, A., Burton, M., Aiuppa, A., Jarðvísindastofnun (HÍ), Institute of Earth Sciences (UI), Iðnaðarverkfræði-, vélaverkfræði- og tölvunarfræðideild (HÍ), Faculty of Industrial Eng., Mechanical Eng. and Computer Science (UI), Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ), School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI), Háskóli Íslands, University of Iceland
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
Zdroj: Science
Science, 2016, 353 (6296), ⟨10.1126/science.aaf8988⟩
Gudmundsson, M T, Jónsdóttir, K, Hooper, A, Holohan, E P, Halldórsson, S A, Ófeigsson, B G, Cesca, S, Vogfjörd, K S, Sigmundsson, F, Högnadóttir, T, Einarsson, P, Sigmarsson, O, Jarosch, A H, Jónasson, K, Magnússon, E, Hreinsdóttir, S, Bagnardi, M, Parks, M M, Hjörleifsdóttir, V, Pálsson, F, Walter, T R, Schöpfer, M P J, Heimann, S, Reynolds, H I, Dumont, S, Bali, E, Gudfinnsson, G H, Dahm, T, Roberts, M J, Hensch, M, Belart, J M C, Spaans, K, Jakobsson, S, Gudmundsson, G B, Fridriksdóttir, H M, Drouin, V, Dürig, T, Adalgeirsdóttir, G, Riishuus, M S, Pedersen, G B M, Van Boeckel, T, Oddsson, B, Pfeffer, M A, Barsotti, S, Bergsson, B, Donovan, A, Burton, M R & Aiuppa, A 2016, ' Gradual caldera collapse at Bárdarbunga volcano, Iceland, regulated by lateral magma outflow ', Science, vol. 353, no. 6296, aaf8988 . https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf8988
Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2016, 353 (6296), ⟨10.1126/science.aaf8988⟩
ISSN: 0036-8075
1095-9203
Popis: Large volcanic eruptions on Earth commonly occur with a collapse of the roof of a crustal magma reservoir, forming a caldera. Only a few such collapses occur per century, and the lack of detailed observations has obscured insight into the mechanical interplay between collapse and eruption.We usemultiparameter geophysical and geochemical data to show that the 110-square kilometer and 65-meter-deep collapse of Bárdarbunga caldera in 2014–2015 was initiated through withdrawal of magma, and lateral migration through a 48-kilometers-long dike, from a 12-kilometers deep reservoir. Interaction between the pressure exerted by the subsiding reservoir roof and the physical properties of the subsurface flow path explain the gradual, near exponential decline of both collapse rate and the intensity of the 180-day- long eruption.
Civil Protection Department of the National Commissioner of the Icelandic Police. European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme grant no. 308377 (Project FUTUREVOLC). EU Seventh Framework Marie Curie project NEMOH no. 289976 CO2Volc ERC grant no. 279802, the Research Fund of the University of Iceland, the Irish Research Council, the Helmholtz Alliance on Remote Sensing and Earth System Dynamics (EDA), Bayerisches Geoinstitut through their DFG core facility for high pressure research, and UNAM/CIC Intercambio Académico.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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