Recreating blood-brain barrier physiology and structure on chip: A novel neurovascular microfluidic bioreactor
| Autor: | Ronald S. Reiserer, Vanessa Allwardt, Jacquelyn A. Brown, Mingjian Shi, Philip C. Samson, Virginia Pensabene, Deyu Li, John P. Wikswo, M. Diana Neely, Qing Yang, Bryson M. Brewer, James M. May, Orlando S. Hoilett, Clayton M. Britt, Dmitry A. Markov, Lisa J. McCawley, Aaron B. Bowman, Donna J. Webb |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Cell type
Central nervous system Microfluidics Biomedical Engineering Nanotechnology Biology Blood–brain barrier 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Colloid and Surface Chemistry medicine Bioreactor General Materials Science Fluorescein isothiocyanate 030304 developmental biology Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes 0303 health sciences Human brain Condensed Matter Physics Neurovascular bundle medicine.anatomical_structure chemistry Biophysics 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Regular Articles |
| Zdroj: | Biomicrofluidics. 9(5) |
| ISSN: | 1932-1058 |
| Popis: | The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a critical structure that serves as the gatekeeper between the central nervous system and the rest of the body. It is the responsibility of the BBB to facilitate the entry of required nutrients into the brain and to exclude potentially harmful compounds; however, this complex structure has remained difficult to model faithfully in vitro. Accurate in vitro models are necessary for understanding how the BBB forms and functions, as well as for evaluating drug and toxin penetration across the barrier. Many previous models have failed to support all the cell types involved in the BBB formation and/or lacked the flow-created shear forces needed for mature tight junction formation. To address these issues and to help establish a more faithful in vitro model of the BBB, we have designed and fabricated a microfluidic device that is comprised of both a vascular chamber and a brain chamber separated by a porous membrane. This design allows for cell-to-cell communication between endothelial cells, astrocytes, and pericytes and independent perfusion of both compartments separated by the membrane. This NeuroVascular Unit (NVU) represents approximately one-millionth of the human brain, and hence, has sufficient cell mass to support a breadth of analytical measurements. The NVU has been validated with both fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran diffusion and transendothelial electrical resistance. The NVU has enabled in vitro modeling of the BBB using all human cell types and sampling effluent from both sides of the barrier. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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