Environmental Exposure of Children to Toxic Trace Elements (Hg, Cr, As) in an Urban Area of Yucatan, Mexico: Water, Blood, and Urine Levels
| Autor: | N. Pérez-Herrera, Flor Arcega-Cabrera, L. González, Lane F. Fargher, Elsa Noreña-Barroso, I. Oceguera-Vargas, M. Quesadas-Rojas, S. Pérez-Medina, L. Yánez-Estrada, Juan F. J. Alvarado, Rosa Moo-Puc |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Chromium
Swine Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis 0208 environmental biotechnology chemistry.chemical_element Sewage Environmental pollution 02 engineering and technology Urine 010501 environmental sciences Toxicology 01 natural sciences Arsenic Animals Humans Ecotoxicology Child Groundwater Mexico 0105 earth and related environmental sciences business.industry Environmental Exposure Mercury General Medicine Environmental exposure Contamination Pollution Trace Elements 020801 environmental engineering Mercury (element) chemistry Environmental chemistry Environmental science Environmental Pollutants business Water Pollutants Chemical Environmental Monitoring |
| Zdroj: | Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 100:620-626 |
| ISSN: | 1432-0800 0007-4861 |
| Popis: | Merida is the largest urban center in the Mexican State of Yucatan. Here domestic sewage is deposited in poorly built septic tanks and is not adequately treated. Because of contamination from such waste, water from the top 20 m of the aquifer is unsuitable for human consumption. Given this situation and because children are highly vulnerable to environmental pollution, including exposure to toxic trace elements, this study focused on evaluating the exposure of children to arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), and mercury (Hg) in water. It also evaluated the relationship between the levels of these elements in water and their concentrations in urine and blood. Among the 33 children monitored in the study, arsenic surpassed WHO limits for blood in 37% of the cases, which could result from the ingestion of poultry contaminated with organoarsenic compounds. In the case of WHO limits for Mercury, 65% of the water samples analyzed, 28% of urine samples, and 12% of blood samples exceeded them. Mercury exposure was correlated with biological sex, some lifestyle factors, and the zone in Merida in which children live. These data suggest that the levels of some toxic metals in children may be affected by water source, socioeconomic factors, and individual behavior. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full text from SpringerLink