Electronic Absorption Spectra and Solvatochromic Shifts by the Vertical Excitation Model: Solvated Clusters and Molecular Dynamics Sampling
| Autor: | Christopher J. Cramer, Donald G. Truhlar, Aleksandr V. Marenich |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 119:958-967 |
| ISSN: | 1520-5207 1520-6106 |
| DOI: | 10.1021/jp506293w |
| Popis: | A physically realistic treatment of solvatochromic shifts in liquid-phase electronic absorption spectra requires a proper account for various short- and long-range equilibrium and nonequilibrium solute-solvent interactions. The present article demonstrates that such a treatment can be accomplished using a mixed discrete-continuum approach based on the two-time-scale self-consistent state-specific vertical excitation model (called VEM) for electronic excitation in solution. We apply this mixed approach in combination with time-dependent density functional theory to compute UV/vis absorption spectra in solution for the n → π* ((1)A2) transition for acetone in methanol and in water, the π → π* ((1)A1) transition for para-nitroaniline (PNA) in methanol and in water, the n → π* ((1)B1) transition for pyridine in water, and the n → π* ((1)B1) transition for pyrimidine in water. Hydrogen bonding and first-solvation-shell-specific complexation are included by means of explicit solvent molecules, and solute-solvent dispersion is included by using the solvation model with state-specific polarizability (SMSSP). Geometries of microsolvated clusters were treated in two different ways, (i) using single liquid-phase global-minimum solute-solvent clusters containing up to two explicit solvent molecules and (ii) using solute-solvent cluster snapshots derived from molecular dynamics (MD) trajectories. The calculations in water involve using VEM/TDDFT excitation energies and oscillator strengths computed over 200 MD-derived solute-solvent clusters and convoluted with Gaussian functions. We also calculate ground- and excited-state dipole moments for interpretation. We find that inclusion of explicit solvent molecules generally improves the agreement with experiment and can be recommended as a way to include the effect of hydrogen bonding in solvatochromic shifts. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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