Evaluation of Immune Response Against Inactivated Avian Influenza (H9N2) Vaccine, by Using Chitosan Nanoparticles
Autor: | Yousef Sefidi Heris, Mohsen Fathi Najafi, R Ghadimipour, Mohammad Taghi Khalili, I. Khalili, Naser Godsian, Saeed Sadigh Eteghad, Mohammad Ebrahimi |
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Rok vydání: | 2015 |
Předmět: |
Microbiology (medical)
Influenza vaccine animal diseases medicine.medical_treatment medicine.disease_cause Microbiology Antigen Influenza A Virus medicine Influenza A virus H9N2 Subtype Chitosan Vaccines business.industry Immunogenicity Antibody titer virus diseases Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests Virology Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 Vaccination Infectious Diseases Nanoparticles business Adjuvant Research Article |
Zdroj: | Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology |
ISSN: | 2008-4161 2008-3645 |
Popis: | Background: Influenza A is a virus that affects a wide range of animals and also human beings. Avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H9N2 has the potential to create influenza pandemic and vaccination is a common solution for this problem. The vaccine, used for rapid intervention, should be safe to use and highly effective, after a single administration. Chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) have already been recommended as a new adjuvant for inactivated AIV H9N2 vaccine immunization. Objectives: This study aimed at the evaluation and better understanding of optimum concentration of CNP preparations and also, assessment of loading capacity of AIV into CNP, as an adjuvant in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. Materials and Methods: For measurement of vaccine-antibody response, different types of CNP were injected intramuscularly, in a single dose, to 21-day-old specific pathogen-free chickens. Chickens were monitored for the efficacy of the nanoparticles and, also, their immune response, during a follow up of 7 weeks, by using hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test. The CNP were prepared according to modified ionic gelation method and inactivated antigen was loaded in four hemagglutinin units (HAU) concentrations. Loading capacity of nanoparticles was determined by hemagglutination (HA) method. Inactivated A/H9N2 AIV was mixed with chitosan of low molecular weight. Results: The CNP did not cause any mortality or side effects, when chickens were administered the prepared vaccine. The results strongly showed that this novel vaccine significantly enhances the immunogenicity of inactivated AIV, comparing with ISA70 (SEPPIC, Puteaux, France) adjuvant that is used routinely in the Razi Serum and Vaccine Research and Production Institute, Karaj, Iran, to reduce ISA70’s side effects. Conclusions: The AIV loaded into CNP vaccines induce appropriate antibody titers, after a single immunization, while requiring a low dose of antigen. The CNP also represent an interesting new platform for antigen delivery and a promising adjuvant candidate for H9N2 inactivated influenza vaccine. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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