A Waterborne Outbreak of Hepatitis E Virus Transmission in Southwestern Vietnam
| Autor: | Thomas L. Richie, Junkun He, Pham Kim Sac, Vo Tuyet Nhung, Janick Merven, Andrew L. Corwin, R. Graham, F. Stephen Wignall, Vu Thuy Yen, Cao Thi Thu Cuc, Ha Ba Khiem, Maidy Pranata Putri, Kenneth C. Hyams, David W. Vaughn, Edward T. Clayson |
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| Rok vydání: | 1996 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Adolescent medicine.disease_cause Immunoglobulin G Virus Disease Outbreaks law.invention Hepatitis E virus Water Supply law Virology medicine Humans Hepatitis Antibodies Child Aged Hepatitis biology business.industry Infant Outbreak Middle Aged Hepatitis E medicine.disease Infectious Diseases Transmission (mechanics) Vietnam Immunoglobulin M Child Preschool biology.protein Female Parasitology Water Microbiology business |
| Zdroj: | Europe PubMed Central |
| ISSN: | 1476-1645 0002-9637 |
| Popis: | A hepatitis outbreak affecting primarily adults occurred in southwestern Vietnam, along the Hau river bordering Cambodia, in June and July 1994. One month after the outbreak, sera and epidemiologic information were collected from 150 subjects: 50 patient cases, 50 matched, healthy community controls, and 50 geographic controls living 50 km upriver. The prevalence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) to hepatitis E virus (HEV) was significantly (P < 0.001) higher (76%) among cases than among the matched (38%) and geographic (38%) control populations. Immunoglobulin M to HEV was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot in 16% of sera collected from patients one month after the outbreak. Hepatitis E virus RNA was detected with the polymerase chain reaction in 6% of sera from patients; RNA was not detected in either control group. These results indicate that HEV was the etiologic agent responsible for the outbreak. Children were under-represented among clinical cases. River water served as the principal source for drinking and bathing among most (96%) of the case and control study populations. Boiling of drinking water was negatively associated (P < 0.05) with IgG anti-HEV seropositivity. Unusually heavy rainfall likely contributed to conditions that favored the outbreak. This is the first recognized outbreak of epidemic HEV transmission in Indo-China. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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