Hepatitis B virus/hepatitis D virus epidemiology: Changes over time and possible future influence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
| Autor: | Caterina Curatolo, Nicola Coppola, Evangelista Sagnelli, Alessio Vinicio Codella, Mariantonietta Pisaturo, Caterina Sagnelli |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Sagnelli, Caterina, Pisaturo, Mariantonietta, Curatolo, Caterina, Codella, ALESSIO VINICIO, Coppola, Nicola, Sagnelli, Evangelista |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Hepatitis B virus
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak medicine.medical_specialty Carcinoma Hepatocellular Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) viruses Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Hepatitis B virus/hepatitis delta virus Review medicine.disease_cause Hepatitis B virus & Hepatitis D virus Pandemic Epidemiology Humans Medicine Hepatitis delta virus infection Hepatitis delta virus epidemiology skin and connective tissue diseases Pandemics SARS-CoV-2 Coinfection business.industry Liver Neoplasms fungi Gastroenterology virus diseases COVID-19 General Medicine biochemical phenomena metabolism and nutrition Hepatitis B Virology digestive system diseases Hepatitis D body regions sense organs Hepatitis D virus Hepatitis Delta Virus business |
| Zdroj: | World Journal of Gastroenterology |
| ISSN: | 1007-9327 |
| DOI: | 10.3748/wjg.v27.i42.7271 |
| Popis: | Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a defective liver-tropic virus that needs the helper function of hepatitis B virus (HBV) to infect humans and replicate. HDV is transmitted sexually or by a parenteral route, in co-infection with HBV or by super-infection in HBV chronic carriers. HDV infection causes acute hepatitis that may progress to a fulminant form (7%-14% by super-infection and 2%-3% by HBV/HDV co-infection) or to chronic hepatitis (90% by HDV super-infection and 2%-5% by HBV/HDV co-infection), frequently and rapidly progressing to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Peg-interferon alfa the only recommended therapy, clears HDV in only 10%-20% of cases and, consequently, new treatment strategies are being explored. HDV endemicity progressively decreased over the 50 years from the identification of the virus, due to improved population lifestyles and economic levels, to the use of HBV nuclei(t)side analogues to suppress HBV replication and to the application of universal HBV vaccination programs. Further changes are expected during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 pandemic, unfortunately towards increased endemicity due to the focus of healthcare towards coronavirus disease 2019 and the consequently lower possibility of screening and access to treatments, lower care for patients with severe liver diseases and a reduced impulse to the HBV vaccination policy. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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