Sources and composition of metals in indoor house dust in a mid-size Canadian city
| Autor: | Nadiha Khan, Marcia Pedroza-Brambila, Yuelun A. Shi, Meng Meng, Lukas Kohl, Justin H. Dingle, Arthur W. H. Chan, Chung-Wai Chow |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis 010501 environmental sciences Toxicology complex mixtures 01 natural sciences Risk Assessment Alberta Metals Heavy Trace metal Cities Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Pollutant Dust General Medicine Contamination Pollution Basement 13. Climate action Metals Environmental chemistry Air Pollution Indoor Soil water Environmental science Enrichment factor Bedroom Environmental Monitoring |
| Zdroj: | Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987). 289 |
| ISSN: | 1873-6424 |
| Popis: | House dust is an important medium for exposure to persistent pollutants, such as metals. Detailed characterization of metal composition is needed to identify sources and potential health impacts of exposure. In this study we show that specific metals in dust dominate in different locations within residential homes in a mid-size Canadian city (Fort McMurray, Alberta), up to two years after a major wildfire event in 2016. Dust samples were collected in high-traffic (e.g. bedroom, N = 186), low-traffic (e.g. basement, N = 158), and entranceway areas (N = 171) of residential homes (N = 125), and analyzed for 25 trace metal elements using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The profile of metal concentrations in the entranceway resembled that of outdoor soils, especially for crustal elements. On the other hand, Cu, Zn, and Pb concentrations in dust sampled in indoor living areas were on average three to six times higher than in other indoor locations indicating indoor sources for these elements. In general, Pb concentrations were similar or lower than in an average Canadian residence, but a substantial fraction showed anomalously high concentrations in the low-traffic areas, particularly on concrete surfaces in basements. Notably, the 2016 wildfires showed limited influence on metal concentrations in indoor dust, despite the widespread concerns in the community about long term exposure. Enrichment factor ratio calculations and principal component analysis showed two classes of sources of metals in dust that represent geogenic-outdoor sources and anthropogenic-indoor sources. Overall, we demonstrate that outdoor and indoor sources of dust impact its composition, and these influences are reflected in the different areas of a home. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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