Evolution of Vertebrate GnRH Receptors from the Perspective of a Basal Vertebrate
| Autor: | Mihael Freamat, Wayne A. Decatur, Nerine T. Joseph, Stacia A. Sower |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Lineage (genetic) Mini Review receptor Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism hormone lamprey lcsh:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology pituitary Genome 03 medical and health sciences Endocrinology 0302 clinical medicine G protein-coupled receptors Internal medicine evolution Gene duplication medicine gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors Receptor 030304 developmental biology G protein-coupled receptor 0303 health sciences lcsh:RC648-665 biology Lamprey biology.organism_classification G-protein coupled receptors Evolutionary biology Hormone receptor basal vertebrate 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Functional divergence |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 3 (2012) Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| ISSN: | 1664-2392 |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fendo.2012.00140 |
| Popis: | This minireview provides the current status on gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors (GnRH-R) in vertebrates, from the perspective of a basal vertebrate, the sea lamprey, and provides an evolutionary scheme based on the recent advance of whole genome sequencing. In addition, we provide a perspective on the functional divergence and evolution of the receptors. In this review we use the phylogenetic classification of vertebrate GnRH receptors that groups them into three clusters: type I (mammalian and non-mammalian), type II, and type III GnRH receptors. New findings show that the sea lamprey has two type III-like GnRH receptors and an ancestral type GnRH receptor that is more closely related to the type II-like receptors. These two novel GnRH receptors along with lGnRH-R-1 share similar structural features and amino acid motifs common to other known gnathostome type II/III receptors. Recent data analyses of the lamprey genome provide strong evidence that two whole rounds of genome duplication (2R) occurred prior to the gnathostome-agnathan split. Based on our current knowledge, it is proposed that lGnRH-R-1 evolved from an ancestor of the type II receptor following a vertebrate-shared genome duplication and that the two type III receptors resulted from a duplication within lamprey of a gene derived from a lineage shared by many vertebrates. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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