Smoking is associated with an increased risk of developing ACPA-positive but not ACPA-negative rheumatoid arthritis in Asian populations: evidence from the Malaysian MyEIRA case–control study
| Autor: | Camilla Bengtsson, Norasiah Muhamad, Abqariyah Yahya, Lars Klareskog, Nor Aini Abdullah, Too Chun Lai, Heselynn Hussein, Amal Nasir Mustafa, Shahnaz Murad, Per Larsson, Lars Alfredsson |
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| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Male
China medicine.medical_specialty India Context (language use) Peptides Cyclic Risk Assessment Time-to-Treatment Arthritis Rheumatoid Rheumatology Surveys and Questionnaires Internal medicine medicine Humans Risk factor Autoantibodies Dose-Response Relationship Drug business.industry Smoking Malaysia Case-control study Odds ratio Middle Aged medicine.disease Confidence interval Case-Control Studies Rheumatoid arthritis Physical therapy Female Risk assessment business |
| Zdroj: | Modern Rheumatology. 22:524-531 |
| ISSN: | 1439-7609 1439-7595 |
| Popis: | We investigated the association between cigarette smoking and the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the Malaysian population. A total of 1,056 RA patients and 1,416 matched controls aged 18–70 years within a defined area of Peninsular Malaysia were evaluated in a case–control study between August 2005 and December 2009. A case was defined as a person with early diagnosed RA using the 1987 American College of Rheumatology criteria for RA. Controls were randomly selected matched for sex, age, and residential area. Cases and controls answered a questionnaire on a broad range of issues, including lifestyle factors and smoking habits wherein current and former smoking was classified as ever-smoking. The presence of anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA) was determined for cases and controls. We found that ever-smokers had an increased risk of developing ACPA-positive RA [odds ratio (OR) = 4.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.9–9.2] but not ACPA-negative RA (OR = 0.7, 95% CI 0.3–2.0), compared with never-smokers. A significant dose–response relationship between cumulative dose of smoking and risk of ACPA-positive RA was observed ( |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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