Immunogenicity and Efficacy of a Novel Multi-Antigenic Peptide Vaccine Based on Cross-Reactivity between Feline and Human Immunodeficiency Viruses
| Autor: | Keijiro Shiomitsu, Janet K. Yamamoto, Meerambika Mishra, Bikash Sahay, Alek M Aranyos, Michael J. Dark, Marcus M. Martin, Missa P Sanou, Riuyu Pu, Shannon R Roff, Mobeen H. Rathore, Sayaka Shiomitsu, Andrew C. McAvoy |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes medicine.medical_treatment viruses FIV vaccine lcsh:QR1-502 Epitopes T-Lymphocyte HIV Infections Biology Cross Reactions Immunodeficiency Virus Feline cytotoxic T lymphocyte medicine.disease_cause Antibodies Viral Lymphocyte Activation Cross-reactivity lcsh:Microbiology Epitope Article 03 medical and health sciences polyfunctional T cells 0302 clinical medicine Immunogenicity Vaccine Antigen Virology Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome medicine Cytotoxic T cell Animals Humans Immunity Cellular Immunogenicity Vaccination virus diseases Viral Vaccines T cell epitopes 3. Good health Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms CTL 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases Vaccines Subunit Cats HIV-1 Peptides Adjuvant 030215 immunology |
| Zdroj: | Viruses Volume 11 Issue 2 Viruses, Vol 11, Iss 2, p 136 (2019) |
| ISSN: | 1999-4915 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/v11020136 |
| Popis: | For the development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine, evolutionarily conserved epitopes between feline and human immunodeficiency viruses (FIV and HIV-1) were determined by analyzing overlapping peptides from retroviral genomes that induced both anti-FIV/HIV T cell-immunity in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the FIV-vaccinated cats and the HIV-infected humans. The conserved T-cell epitopes on p24 and reverse transcriptase were selected based on their robust FIV/HIV-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), CD4+ CTL, and polyfunctional T-cell activities. Four such evolutionarily conserved epitopes were formulated into four multiple antigen peptides (MAPs), mixed with an adjuvant, to be tested as FIV vaccine in cats. The immunogenicity and protective efficacy were evaluated against a pathogenic FIV. More MAP/peptide-specific CD4+ than CD8+ T-cell responses were initially observed. By post-third vaccination, half of the MAP/peptide-specific CD8+ T-cell responses were higher or equivalent to those of CD4+ T-cell responses. Upon challenge, 15/19 (78.9%) vaccinated cats were protected, whereas 6/16 (37.5%) control cats remained uninfected, resulting in a protection rate of 66.3% preventable fraction (p = 0.0180). Thus, the selection method used to identify the protective FIV peptides should be useful in identifying protective HIV-1 peptides needed for a highly protective HIV-1 vaccine in humans. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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