Characterization of Planktochlorella nurekis Extracts and Virucidal Activity against a Coronavirus Model, the Murine Coronavirus 3
| Autor: | Jacqueline Graff Reis, Isabella Dai Prá, William Michelon, Aline Viancelli, David Guillermo Piedrahita Marquez, Caroline Schmitz, Marcelo Maraschin, Sidnei Moura, Izabella Thaís Silva, Geovanna de Oliveira Costa, Tiago Tizziani, Louis P. Sandjo, David Rodríguez-Lázaro, Gislaine Fongaro |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
coronavirus
SARS-CoV-2 murine coronavirus metabolomic approach NMR biomarkers UPLC-MS viricidal activity antiviral activity Coronavirus Metabolomic approach Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Viricidal activity Antiviral activity Microbiología Murine coronavirus Microbiology |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health; Volume 19; Issue 23; Pages: 15823 |
| Popis: | Certain members of the Coronaviridae family have emerged as zoonotic agents and have recently caused severe respiratory diseases in humans and animals, such as SARS, MERS, and, more recently, COVID-19. Antivirals (drugs and antiseptics) capable of controlling viruses at the site of infection are scarce. Microalgae from the Chlorellaceae family are sources of bioactive compounds with antioxidant, antiviral, and antitumor activity. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate various extracts from Planktochlorella nurekis in vitro against murine coronavirus-3 (MHV-3), which is an essential human coronavirus surrogate for laboratory assays. Methanol, hexane, and dichloromethane extracts of P. nurekis were tested in cells infected with MHV-3, and characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS), and the application of chemometrics through principal component analysis (PCA). All the extracts were highly efficient against MHV-3 (more than a 6 Log unit reduction), regardless of the solvent used or the concentration of the extract, but the dichloromethane extract was the most effective. Chemical characterization by spectrophotometry and NMR, with the aid of statistical analysis, showed that polyphenols, carbohydrates, and isoprene derivatives, such as terpenes and carotenoids have a more significant impact on the virucidal potential. Compounds identified by UPLC-MS were mainly lipids and only found in the dichloromethane extract. These results open new biotechnological possibilities to explore the biomass of P. nurekis; it is a natural extract and shows low cytotoxicity and an excellent antiviral effect, with low production costs, highlighting a promising potential for development and implementation of therapies against coronaviruses, such as SARS-CoV-2. This research was funded LVA-MIP-CCB-UFSC/Sigpex: 201917940, and CNPq, CAPES-DS. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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