Degrading and Phytoextracting Atrazine Residues in Rice (Oryza sativa) and Growth Media Intensified by a Phase II Mechanism Modulator
| Autor: | Xiang Ning Su, Yi Chen Lu, Hong Yang, Jing Jing Zhang, Shuai Gao, Feng Fan Lu, Li Ya Ma, Jiang Yan Xu |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Chlorophyll
0301 basic medicine Chlorophyll content 010501 environmental sciences Oryza 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Tandem Mass Spectrometry Arabidopsis Environmental Chemistry Atrazine Food science 0105 earth and related environmental sciences chemistry.chemical_classification Oryza sativa Pesticide residue biology Pesticide Residues food and beverages General Chemistry biology.organism_classification 030104 developmental biology Enzyme chemistry Agronomy Inactivation Metabolic |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Science & Technology. 51:11258-11268 |
| ISSN: | 1520-5851 0013-936X |
| DOI: | 10.1021/acs.est.7b02346 |
| Popis: | Atrazine (ATZ) residue in farmland is one of the environmental contaminants seriously affecting crop production and food safety. Understanding the regulatory mechanism for ATZ metabolism and degradation in plants is important to help reduce ATZ potential toxicity to both plants and human health. Here, we report our newly developed engineered rice overexpressing a novel Phase II metabolic enzyme glycosyltransfearse1 (ARGT1) responsible for transformation of ATZ residues in rice. Our results showed that transformed lines, when exposed to environmentally realistic ATZ concentration (0.2-0.8 mg/L), displayed significantly high tolerance, with 8-27% biomass and 36-56% chlorophyll content higher, but 37-69% plasma membrane injury lower than untransformed lines. Such results were well confirmed by ARGT1 expression in Arabidopsis. ARGT1-transformed rice took up 1.6-2.7 fold ATZ from its growth medium compared to its wild type (WT) and accumulated ATZ 10%-43% less than that of WT. A long-term study also showed that ATZ in the grains of ARGT1-transformed rice was reduced by 30-40% compared to WT. The ATZ-degraded products were characterized by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS. More ATZ metabolites and conjugates accumulated in ARGT1-transformed rice than in WT. Eight ATZ metabolites for Phase I reaction and 10 conjugates for Phase II reaction in rice were identified, with three ATZ-glycosylated conjugates that have never been reported before. These results indicate that ARGT1 expression can facilitate uptake of ATZ from environment and metabolism in rice plants. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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