The links between chromatin spatial organization and biological function
| Autor: | Alejandro Rodriguez, Pernilla Bjerling |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
S1 NM nuclear membrane nuclear organization FISH fluorescence in situ hybridization NAD nucleoli-associated domain Biology Biochemistry Medical and Health Sciences LAD lamina-associated domain Chromosome conformation capture Schizosaccharomyces medicine Animals Humans transcriptional regulation Nuclear membrane Scaffold/matrix attachment region ChIA-PET Genetics Independent Meeting 3C chromosome conformation capture DamID DNA adenine methyltransferase identification HiC genome-wide chromosome conformation capture Cell Nucleus ONM outer nuclear membrane 4C circularized chromosome conformation capture heterochromatin INM inner nuclear membrane Chromosome CENP centromere protein biology.organism_classification fission yeast 5C carbon copy chromosome conformation capture TFIIIC transcription factor IIIC ToR time of replication Chromatin Cell biology MPS massive parallel sequencing ChIP chromatin immunoprecipitation medicine.anatomical_structure Schizosaccharomyces pombe Nuclear lamina CT chromosome territory Dam DNA adenine methyltansferase LEM Lap2/emerin/Man1 |
| Zdroj: | Biochemical Society Transactions |
| ISSN: | 1470-8752 0300-5127 |
| Popis: | During the last few years, there has been a rapid increase in our knowledge of how chromatin is organized inside the nucleus. Techniques such as FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) have proved that chromosomes organize themselves in so-called CTs (chromosome territories). In addition, newly developed 3C (chromatin conformation capture) techniques have revealed that certain chromosomal regions tend to interact with adjacent regions on either the same chromosome or adjacent chromosomes, and also that regions in close proximity are replicated simultaneously. Furthermore, transcriptionally repressed or active areas occupy different nuclear compartments. Another new technique, named DamID (DNA adenine methyltransferase identification), has strengthened the notion that transcriptionally repressed genes are often found in close association with the nuclear membrane, whereas transcriptionally active regions are found in the more central regions of the nucleus. However, in response to various stimuli, transcriptionally repressed regions are known to relocalize from the nuclear lamina to the interior of the nucleus, leading to a concomitant up-regulation of otherwise silenced genes. Taken together, these insights are of great interest for the relationship between chromosomal spatial organization and genome function. In the present article, we review recent advances in this field with a focus on mammalian cells and the eukaryotic model organism Schizosaccharomyces pombe. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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