Anaerobic biotransformation of explosives in aquifer slurries amended with ethanol and propylene glycol
| Autor: | Clint M. Arnett, Neal R. Adrian |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2006 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
Hydrogen Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis chemistry.chemical_element Biostimulation chemistry.chemical_compound Bacteria Anaerobic Heterocyclic Compounds 1-Ring Bioremediation Biotransformation Explosive Agents Environmental Chemistry Trinitrotoluene Organic chemistry Soil Pollutants Anaerobiosis Ethanol Triazines Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health General Medicine General Chemistry Biodegradation Pollution Anoxic waters Azocines Propylene Glycol chemistry Environmental chemistry |
| Zdroj: | Chemosphere. 66(10) |
| ISSN: | 0045-6535 |
| Popis: | Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX), and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) are explosives that are frequently found as environmental contaminants on military installations. Hydrogen has been shown to support the anaerobic transformation of these explosives. We investigated ethanol and propylene glycol as electron donors for providing syntrophically produced H2 for stimulating the anaerobic biodegradation of explosives in contaminated soil. The study was conducted using anoxic microcosms constructed with slurries of the contaminated soil and groundwater. The addition of 5 mM ethanol and propylene glycol enhanced the biodegradation of RDX and HMX relative to the control bottles. Ethanol was depleted within about 20 days, resulting in the transient formation of hydrogen, acetate, and methane. The hydrogen headspace concentration increased from 8 ppm to 1838 ppm before decreasing to background concentrations. Propylene glycol was completely degraded after 15 days, forming hydrogen, propionate, and acetate as end-products. The hydrogen headspace concentrations increased from 56 ppm to 628 ppm before decreasing to background concentrations. No methane formation was observed during the incubation period of 48 days. Our findings indicate the addition of ethanol and propylene to the aquifer slurries increased the hydrogen concentrations and enhanced the biotransformation of RDX and HMX in the explosive-contaminated soil. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full Text from ScienceDirect