Ultra-long-term human salt balance studies reveal interrelations between sodium, potassium, and chloride intake and excretion
| Autor: | Bernd Johannes, Friedrich C. Luft, Anna Birukov, Peter Wabel, Ulrich Moissl, Natalia Rakova, Manfred Rauh, Jens Titze, Kathrin Lerchl, Rik H. G. Olde Engberink |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Graduate School, Nephrology, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty chloride Sodium Potassium Medicine (miscellaneous) chemistry.chemical_element Urine 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology Chloride Urine collection device Excretion 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Animal science Internal medicine medicine salt sodium Urine Specimen Collection aldosterone Nutrition and Dietetics Aldosterone potassium urine electrolyte intake 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology chemistry diet medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | American journal of clinical nutrition, 104(1), 49-57. American Society for Nutrition |
| ISSN: | 0002-9165 |
| DOI: | 10.3945/ajcn.116.132951 |
| Popis: | Background: The intake of sodium, chloride, and potassium is considered important to healthy nutrition and cardiovascular disease risk. Estimating the intake of these electrolytes is difficult and usually predicated on urine collections, commonly for 24 h, which are considered the gold standard. We reported on data earlier for sodium but not for potassium or chloride. Objective: We were able to test the value of 24-h urine collections in a unique, ultra-long–term balance study conducted during a simulated trip to Mars. Design: Four healthy men were observed while ingesting 12 g salt/d, 9 g salt/d, and 6 g salt/d, while their potassium intakewasmaintained at 4 g/d for 105 d. Six healthy men were studied while ingesting 12 g salt/d, 9 g salt/d, and 6 g salt/d, with a re-exposure of 12 g/d, while their potassium intake was maintained at 4 g/d for 205 d. Food intake and other constituents were recorded every day for each subject. All urine output was collected daily. Results: Long-term urine recovery rates for all 3 electrolytes were very high. Rather than the expected constant daily excretion related to daily intake, we observed remarkable daily variation in excretion, with a 7-d infradian rhythm at a relatively constant intake. We monitored 24-h aldosterone excretion in these studies and found that aldosterone appeared to be the regulator for all 3 electrolytes. We report Bland–Altman analyses on the value of urine collections to estimate intake. Conclusions: A single 24-h urine collection cannot predict sodium, potassium, or chloride intake; thus, multiple collections are necessary. This information is important when assessing electrolyte intake in individuals. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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