Diffuse granulomatous disease: looking inside and outside the lungs
| Autor: | Felix Chua, Anand Devaraj, Carlos Pavesio, A. Williams, Andrew G. Nicholson, W Peter Kelleher |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Vital capacity
Respiratory System Severity of Illness Index Pulmonary function testing 0302 clinical medicine DLCO Lung volumes 030212 general & internal medicine rare lung diseases medicine.diagnostic_test Thoracic Surgery Video-Assisted Biopsy Needle Immunoglobulins Intravenous respiratory system Immunohistochemistry Respiratory Function Tests Treatment Outcome Cardiology Female Radiography Thoracic Life Sciences & Biomedicine Zones of the lung Adult Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine medicine.medical_specialty Chest Clinic Diagnosis Differential 03 medical and health sciences FEV1/FVC ratio Internal medicine medicine Humans Science & Technology business.industry 1103 Clinical Sciences interstitial fibrosis medicine.disease respiratory tract diseases Pneumonia Common Variable Immunodeficiency Dyspnea Cough 030228 respiratory system Lung Diseases Interstitial Tomography X-Ray Computed Chest radiograph business immunodeficiency |
| Zdroj: | Thorax |
| ISSN: | 1468-3296 0040-6376 |
| DOI: | 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2019-213797 |
| Popis: | A 39-year-old woman presented with a 6-month history of breathlessness, productive cough and painful lumps on her lower legs. She had suffered with recurrent rhinosinusitis and frequent infections of the ears, throat and chest since childhood, as well as cutaneous herpes zoster in her 20s. There was no documented history of pneumonia, invasive or deep-seated infections. She had smoked lightly, was allergic to penicillin and worked as a commercial tea buyer. Examination showed a slim female with a normal breathing pattern. Chest expansion was reduced and fine inspiratory crackles were detected over the lower lung zones. Pulmonary function tests showed ventilatory restriction with decreased gas transfer. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) 2.10 L, 71% predicted; forced vital capacity (FVC) 2.22 L, 65% predicted; spirometric ratio 0.93; total lung capacity 3.04 L, 62% predicted; haemoglobin (Hb)-adjusted carbon monoxide transfer factor/TLco 45% predicted and its coefficient/Kco 81% predicted. Indices related to small airway function were normal, maximal expiratory flow (MEF)75/50/25 all above 80% predicted and air-trapping was absent. Bloods tests showed normal full blood count, C-reactive protein as well as kidney, bone and liver biochemistry. Serum ACE was elevated at 93 ACEU (ref: 12–68). Elispot assay and HIV serology were negative. A prereferral chest radiograph revealed widening of the superior mediastinum and ill-defined nodular opacities in the middle and lower zones. Despite the history of possible erythema nodosum and raised serum ACE, the account of recurrent infections suggested a differential diagnosis broader than typical sarcoidosis. Demonstration of ventilatory restriction and impaired gas transfer factor hinted towards an interstitial or diffuse lung pathology. The Kco, at nearly twice the TLco in %-predicted terms, indicated a low likelihood of major pulmonary vasculopathy and the absence of airflow limitation or small airway dysfunction steered the diagnosis away from primary bronchiolar disorders. CT with contiguous … |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|