Nutritional modulation of the epigenome and its implication for future health
| Autor: | Mark Burton, Karen A. Lillycrop |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Epigenomics
0301 basic medicine Nutritional Status Medicine (miscellaneous) 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Biology Epigenesis Genetic Epigenome 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine microRNA medicine Humans Genetic Predisposition to Disease Epigenetics Gene Organism Genetics Nutrition and Dietetics Mechanism (biology) DNA Methylation Non-communicable disease medicine.disease 030104 developmental biology Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Cardiovascular Diseases DNA methylation |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 78:305-312 |
| ISSN: | 1475-2719 0029-6651 |
| Popis: | Non-communicable diseases (NCD) such as type-2 diabetes and CVD are now highly prevalent in both developed and developing countries. Evidence from both human and animal studies shows that early-life nutrition is an important determinant of NCD risk in later life. The mechanism by which the early-life environment influences future disease risk has been suggested to include the altered epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Epigenetic processes regulate the accessibility of genes to the cellular proteins that control gene transcription, determining where and when a gene is switched on and its level of activity. Epigenetic processes not only play a central role in regulating gene expression but also allow an organism to adapt to the environment. In this review, we will focus on how both maternal and paternal nutrition can alter the epigenome and the evidence that these changes are causally involved in determining future disease risk. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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