Similar to the category, but not the exemplars: A study of generalization
| Autor: | Kenneth J. Kurtz, Nolan Conaway |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Stimulus generalization Process (engineering) Generalization Concept Formation Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Models Psychological Space (commercial competition) computer.software_genre Generalization Psychological 050105 experimental psychology Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Concept learning Similarity (psychology) Developmental and Educational Psychology Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences business.industry 05 social sciences Associative learning Categorization Artificial intelligence Psychology business computer 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Natural language processing |
| Zdroj: | Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 24:1312-1323 |
| ISSN: | 1531-5320 1069-9384 |
| Popis: | Reference point approaches have dominated the study of categorization for decades by explaining classification learning in terms of similarity to stored exemplars or averages of exemplars. The most successful reference point models are firmly grounded in the associative learning tradition-treating categorization as a stimulus generalization process based on inverse exponential distance in psychological space augmented by a dimensional selective attention mechanism. We present experiments that pose a significant challenge to popular reference point accounts which explain categorization in terms of stimulus generalization from exemplars, prototypes, or adaptive clusters. DIVA, a similarity-based alternative to the reference point framework, provides a successful account of the human data. These findings suggest that a successful psychology of categorization may need to look beyond stimulus generalization and toward a view of category learning as the induction of a richer model of the data. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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