The Effects of an Oil and Wheat Flour Fortification Program on Pre-School Children and Women of Reproductive Age Living in Côte d’Ivoire, a Malaria-Endemic Area

Autor: Sassor Odile P. Aké-Tano, Giovanna Raso, Fabian Rohner, Christopher Guy Nicholas Mascie-Taylor, Andres B. Tschannen, Christine A. Northrop-Clewes
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Male
Endemic Diseases
Rural Health
Palm Oil
vitamin A
chemistry.chemical_compound
iron
Pregnancy
Prevalence
Food science
education.field_of_study
Nutrition and Dietetics
Anemia
Iron-Deficiency

Vitamin A Deficiency
Age Factors
Middle Aged
Micronutrient
anemia
Child
Preschool

Food
Fortified

Female
women
Nutritive Value
lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply
Vitamin
Adult
Adolescent
Anemia
Population
Wheat flour
fortification
Nutritional Status
lcsh:TX341-641
oil
Article
03 medical and health sciences
Young Adult
Animal science
Folic Acid
children
medicine
Humans
Plant Oils
Fortified Food
education
030109 nutrition & dietetics
flour
business.industry
Food fortification
Urban Health
Infant
medicine.disease
Health Surveys
Malaria
Vitamin A deficiency
Cote d'Ivoire
Cross-Sectional Studies
Nutrition Assessment
chemistry
Socioeconomic Factors
business
Biomarkers
Food Science
Program Evaluation
Zdroj: Nutrients, Vol 8, Iss 3, p 148 (2016)
Nutrients
Nutrients; Volume 8; Issue 3; Pages: 148
ISSN: 2072-6643
Popis: Anemia and micronutrient deficiencies are widespread in sub-Saharan Africa, but the impact of food fortification is still debated. The objective of this study was to estimate the iron and vitamin A status of preschool children (PSC) and women of reproductive age (WRA) in households consuming fortified oil and wheat flour. The survey was cross-sectional in a rural and an urban area. Data on demographics, socioeconomic status, and fortified foods were collected at households. Hemoglobin (Hb), retinol binding protein (RBP), ferritin, soluble transferrin receptors (sTfR), subclinical inflammation, and Plasmodium spp. infection data were collected. In PSC, vitamin A deficiency (VAD) was prevalent, but for each 1 mg retinol equivalents (RE)/kg of oil consumed, RBP increased by 0.37 μmol/L (p = 0.03). In WRA, there was no significant VAD in the population (0.7%). Anemia was found in 92.2% of rural and 56.3% of urban PSC (p < 0.001). PSC with access to adequately fortified flour had Hb concentrations 15.7 g/L higher than those who did not (p < 0.001). Hb levels increased by +0.238 g/L per mg/kg increase in iron fortification levels (p < 0.001). The national program fortifying vegetable oil with vitamin A and wheat flour with iron and folic acid may have contributed to improved micronutrient status of PSC from two areas in Côte d’Ivoire.
Databáze: OpenAIRE