The Ebola virus disease outbreak in Tonkolili district, Sierra Leone: a retrospective analysis of the Viral Haemorrhagic Fever surveillance system, July 2014–June 2015
| Autor: | Alessandro Miglietta, Vittorio Colizzi, Giovanni Rezza, Carla Montesano, Vincenzo Vullo, Ghyslaine Bruna Djeunang Dongho, Gianluca Russo, Angelo G. Solimini |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Epidemiology Disease Settore MED/04 medicine.disease_cause 01 natural sciences Health Services Accessibility Disease Outbreaks Ebola virus 0302 clinical medicine Risk Factors 80 and over 030212 general & internal medicine Child Analysis of data outbreaks surveillance system Adolescent Adult Aged Aged 80 and over Child Preschool Ebolavirus Female Hemorrhagic Fever Ebola Humans Infant Infant Newborn Middle Aged Retrospective Studies Sierra Leone Young Adult Epidemiological Monitoring Infectious Diseases Ebola medicine.medical_specialty Sierra leone 03 medical and health sciences medicine 0101 mathematics Preschool analysis of data ebola virus Original Paper business.industry 010102 general mathematics Outbreak Retrospective cohort study Odds ratio Newborn Confidence interval Emergency medicine Hemorrhagic Fever business |
| Zdroj: | Epidemiology and Infection |
| Popis: | In Sierra Leone, the Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak occurred with substantial differences between districts with someone even not affected. To monitor the epidemic, a community event-based surveillance system was set up, collecting data into the Viral Haemorrhagic Fever (VHF) database. We analysed the VHF database of Tonkolili district to describe the epidemiology of the EVD outbreak during July 2014–June 2015 (data availability). Multivariable analysis was used to identify risk factors for EVD, fatal EVD and barriers to healthcare access, by comparing EVD-positive vs. EVD-negative cases. Key-performance indicators for EVD response were also measured. Overall, 454 EVD-positive cases were reported. At multivariable analysis, the odds of EVD was higher among those reporting contacts with an EVD-positive/suspected case (odds ratio (OR) 2.47; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.44–2.50; P < 0.01) and those attending funeral (OR 1.02; 95% CI 1.01–1.04; P < 0.01). EVD cases from Kunike chiefdom had a lower odds of death (OR 0.22; 95% CI 0.08–0.44; P < 0.01) and were also more likely to be hospitalised (OR 2.34; 95% CI 1.23–4.57; P < 0.05). Only 25.1% of alerts were generated within 1 day from symptom onset. EVD preparedness and response plans for Tonkolili should include social-mobilisation activities targeting Ebola/knowledge-attitudes-practice during funeral attendance, to avoid contact with suspected cases and to increase awareness on EVD symptoms, in order to reduce delays between symptom onset to alert generation and consequently improve the outbreak-response promptness. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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