Coffee consumption and risk of cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients. Results from the HARVEST
| Autor: | Lucio Mos, G. Garavelli, Edoardo Casiglia, Francesca Saladini, S Cozzio, Paolo Palatini, Adriano Mazzer, Claudio Fania |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Events 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology Cardiovascular Coffee Cohort Studies 03 medical and health sciences Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine Risk Factors Caffeine Diabetes mellitus mental disorders medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Prediabetes Prospective Studies Prospective cohort study business.industry Proportional hazards model Confounding Hazard ratio Coffee Caffeine Cardiovascular Events Hypertension Middle Aged medicine.disease Surgery Cardiovascular Diseases Hypertension Female Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine business Body mass index Demography Cohort study Follow-Up Studies |
| Zdroj: | International journal of cardiology. 212 |
| ISSN: | 1874-1754 |
| Popis: | Background Controversy still exists about the long-term cardiovascular effects of coffee consumption in hypertension. Methods The predictive capacity of coffee use for cardiovascular events (CVEs) was investigated in 1204 participants from the HARVEST, a prospective cohort study of non-diabetic subjects aged 18–45years, screened for stage 1 hypertension. Subjects were grouped into three categories of coffee drinking, non-drinkers (none), moderate drinkers (1 to 3cups/day) and heavy drinkers (4or more cups/day). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were developed adjusting for possible confounding variables and risk factors. Results During a median follow-up of 12.6years, CVEs were developed by 60 participants. CVEs were more common among coffee drinkers than abstainers (abstainers, 2.2%; moderate drinkers, 7.0%; heavy drinkers, 14.0%; p for trend=0.0003). In a multivariable Cox regression model, coffee use was a significant predictor of CVE in both coffee categories, with a hazard ratio of 2.8 (95% CI, 1.0–7.9) in moderate coffee drinkers and of 4.5 (1.4–14.2) in heavy drinkers compared to abstainers. After inclusion of change in body weight (p=ns), incident hypertension (p=0.027) and presence of diabetes/prediabetes (p=ns) at follow-up end, the association with CVE was attenuated but remained significant in heavy coffee drinkers (HR, 95% CI, 3.4, 1.04–11.3). Conclusions These data show that coffee consumption increases the risk of CVE in a linear fashion in hypertension. This association may be explained in part by the association between coffee and development of hypertension. Hypertensive patients should be discouraged from drinking coffee. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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