Dissimilarity of the gut–lung axis and dysbiosis of the lower airways in ventilated preterm infants
| Autor: | Gallacher, David, Mitchell, Emma, Alber, Dagmar, Wach, Richard, Klein, Nigel, Marchesi, Julian R., Kotecha, Sailesh, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK, Neonatal Unit, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK, Division of Integrative Systems Medicine and Digestive Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
DNA
Bacterial Male 0301 basic medicine Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine RJ101 Respiratory System 030106 microbiology Feces 03 medical and health sciences Ureaplasma 0302 clinical medicine RNA Ribosomal 16S 030225 pediatrics medicine Humans Microbiome Respiratory system Lung 11 Medical and Health Sciences Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Bacteria medicine.diagnostic_test biology business.industry Infant Newborn respiratory system medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Gastrointestinal Microbiome respiratory tract diseases Trachea Bronchoalveolar lavage medicine.anatomical_structure Bronchopulmonary dysplasia Immunology Dysbiosis Female Airway business Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Infant Premature |
| Zdroj: | European Respiratory Journal. 55:1901909 |
| ISSN: | 1399-3003 0903-1936 |
| Popis: | BackgroundChronic lung disease of prematurity (CLD), also called bronchopulmonary dysplasia, is a major consequence of preterm birth, but the role of the microbiome in its development remains unclear. Therefore, we assessed the progression of the bacterial community in ventilated preterm infants over time in the upper and lower airways, and assessed the gut–lung axis by comparing bacterial communities in the upper and lower airways with stool findings. Finally, we assessed whether the bacterial communities were associated with lung inflammation to suggest dysbiosis.MethodsWe serially sampled multiple anatomical sites including the upper airway (nasopharyngeal aspirates), lower airways (tracheal aspirate fluid and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid) and the gut (stool) of ventilated preterm-born infants. Bacterial DNA load was measured in all samples and sequenced using the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene.ResultsFrom 1102 (539 nasopharyngeal aspirates, 276 tracheal aspirate fluid, 89 bronchoalveolar lavage, 198 stool) samples from 55 preterm infants, 352 (32%) amplified suitably for 16S RNA gene sequencing. Bacterial load was low at birth and quickly increased with time, but was associated with predominant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in all sample types. There was dissimilarity in bacterial communities between the upper and lower airways and the gut, with a separate dysbiotic inflammatory process occurring in the lower airways of infants. Individual OTUs were associated with increased inflammatory markers.ConclusionsTaken together, these findings suggest that targeted treatment of the predominant organisms, including those not routinely treated, such as Ureaplasma spp., may decrease the development of CLD in preterm-born infants. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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