The warning stimulus as retrieval cue: The role of associative memory in temporal preparation
| Autor: | Wouter Kruijne, Jurre Nieuwenstein, Martijn Meeter, Sander A. Los, Anass Bouharab, David J. Stephens |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Cognitive Psychology, IBBA, Educational and Family Studies, LEARN! - Learning sciences, Experimental Psychology |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Linguistics and Language
Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Engram 050105 experimental psychology Long-term memory Task (project management) Stimulus (psychology) 03 medical and health sciences Tone (musical instrument) 0302 clinical medicine Artificial Intelligence Associative learning Developmental and Educational Psychology Reaction Time Multiple trace theory Humans Learning 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Temporal orienting 05 social sciences Content-addressable memory Temporal preparation Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology Cues Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | Los, S A, Nieuwenstein, J, Bouharab, A, Stephens, D J, Meeter, M & Kruijne, W 2021, ' The warning stimulus as retrieval cue : The role of associative memory in temporal preparation ', Cognitive Psychology, vol. 125, 101378, pp. 1-23 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2021.101378 Cognitive Psychology, 125:101378, 1-23. Academic Press Inc. Cognitive psychology, 125:101378. ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE |
| ISSN: | 1095-5623 0010-0285 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2021.101378 |
| Popis: | In a warned reaction time task, the warning stimulus (S1) initiates a process of temporal preparation, which promotes a speeded response to the impending target stimulus (S2). According to the multiple trace theory of temporal preparation (MTP), participants learn the timing of S2 by storing a memory trace on each trial, which contains a temporal profile of the events on that trial. On each new trial, S1 serves as a retrieval cue that implicitly and associatively activates memory traces created on earlier trials, which jointly drive temporal preparation for S2. The idea that S1 assumes this role as a retrieval cue was tested across eight experiments, in which two different S1s were associated with two different distributions of S1-S2 intervals: one with predominantly short and one with predominantly long intervals. Experiments differed regarding the S1 features that made up a pair, ranging from highly distinct (e.g., tone and flash) to more similar (e.g., red and green flash) and verbal (i.e., “short” vs “long”). Exclusively for pairs of highly distinct S1s, the results showed that the S1 cue modified temporal preparation, even in participants who showed no awareness of the contingency. This cueing effect persisted in a subsequent transfer phase, in which the contingency between S1 and the timing of S2 was broken – a fact participants were informed of in advance. Together, these findings support the role of S1 as an implicit retrieval cue, consistent with MTP. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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