Zinc deficiency in low- and middle-income countries: prevalence and approaches for mitigation
| Autor: | Anna Kate may Brazier, Swarnim Gupta, Nicola M Lowe |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Adult Male medicine.medical_specialty Biofortification Medicine (miscellaneous) chemistry.chemical_element Nutritional Status 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Zinc B400 Global Health 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Environmental health medicine Prevalence Humans Child Developing Countries Poverty Plasma zinc Growth Disorders 030109 nutrition & dietetics Nutrition and Dietetics business.industry Public health Dietary diversification medicine.disease Micronutrient chemistry Low and middle income countries Dietary Supplements Food Fortified Zinc deficiency Female Diet Healthy business |
| Zdroj: | Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic AssociationReferences. 33(5) |
| ISSN: | 1365-277X 0952-3871 |
| Popis: | This review addresses the prevalence of zinc deficiency in Low- and Middle-income Countries (LMICs) and assesses the available strategies for its alleviation. The paucity of national-level data on the zinc deficiency in LMICs is partially a result of the lack of a reliable biomarker. Zinc deficiency appears to be a public health problem in almost all the LMICs, irrespective of the recommended indicators (plasma zinc concentration, dietary zinc adequacy and stunting prevalence) used. Based on plasma/serum zinc concentration (PZC), which is the most appropriate indicator at present, the prevalence of zinc deficiency in LMICs is of concern. Among the 25 countries for which national PZC data were available, 23 had a zinc deficiency prevalence of >20% for at least one physiological group. Zinc supplementation is largely restricted as an adjunct therapy for diarrhoea management in children, and the best platform and the most effective way of preventive zinc supplementation delivery remains to be established. Impact assessment for current zinc fortification programmes in LMICs and the effectiveness of zinc supplementation as part of a multi-micronutrient powder is to be determined. Dietary diversification, though promising for LMICs, is in the nascent stages of development at present. Inclusion of meat and animal products can be an important way of improving zinc status. Programmatic experience with the promotion of home processing techniques to increase absorbable zinc in the diet is lacking. Conventional biofortification techniques are gaining recognition in LMICs; however, transgenic biofortification as a strategy remains controversial. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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