Nicotine-induced behavioral sensitization in an adult rat model of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
| Autor: | Arturo R. Zavala, Elizabeth Watterson, Alexander Spitzer, Lucas R. Watterson, Federico Sanabria, M. Foster Olive, Ryan J. Brackney |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Nicotine 030508 substance abuse Context (language use) Nicotinic Antagonists Mecamylamine Motor Activity Rats Inbred WKY Article Developmental psychology 03 medical and health sciences Behavioral Neuroscience 0302 clinical medicine Spontaneously hypertensive rat Internal medicine Rats Inbred SHR medicine Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Animals Nicotinic Agonists Sensitization Behavior Animal Antagonist medicine.disease Rats Disease Models Animal medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology Nicotinic agonist Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity 0305 other medical science Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Locomotion medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Behavioural brain research. 312 |
| ISSN: | 1872-7549 |
| Popis: | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with increased risk of tobacco dependence. Nicotine, the main psychoactive component of tobacco, appears to be implicated in ADHD-related tobacco dependence. However, the behavioral responsiveness to nicotine of the prevalent animal model of ADHD, the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), is currently underinvestigated. The present study examined the activational effects of acute and chronic nicotine on the behavior of adult male SHRs, relative to Wistar Kyoto (WKY) controls. Experiment 1 verified baseline strain differences in open-field locomotor activity. Experiment 2 tested for baseline strain differences in rotational behavior using a Rotorat apparatus. Adult SHR and WKY rats were then exposed to a 7-day regimen of 0.6 mg/kg/d s.c. nicotine, or saline, prior to each assessment. A separate group of SHRs underwent similar training, but was pre-treated with mecamylamine, a cholinergic antagonist. Nicotine sensitization, context conditioning, and mecamylamine effects were then tested. Baseline strain differences were observed in open-field performance and in the number of full rotations in the Rotorat apparatus, but not in the number of 90° rotations or direction changes. In these latter measures, SHRs displayed weaker nicotine-induced rotational suppression than WKYs. Both strains expressed nicotine-induced sensitization of rotational activity, but evidence for strain differences in sensitization was ambiguous; context conditioning was not observed. Mecamylamine reversed the effects of nicotine on SHR performance. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that a reduced aversion to nicotine (expressed in rats as robust locomotion) may facilitate smoking among adults with ADHD. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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