AICAR induces Bax/Bak-dependent apoptosis through upregulation of the BH3-only proteins Bim and Noxa in mouse embryonic fibroblasts
| Autor: | Daniel Iglesias-Serret, Camila Rubio-Patiño, Joan Gil, Andreas Villunger, Gabriel Pons, Ana M. Cosialls, Alba Pérez-Perarnau, Diana M. González-Gironès, Claudia M. Palmeri, Cristina Moncunill-Massaguer |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Cancer Research
Programmed cell death Clinical Biochemistry Pharmaceutical Science Apoptosis AMP-Activated Protein Kinases Mice Bcl-2-associated X protein AMP-activated protein kinase Downregulation and upregulation Proto-Oncogene Proteins hemic and lymphatic diseases Animals Protein kinase A bcl-2-Associated X Protein Mice Knockout Pharmacology Bcl-2-Like Protein 11 biology Chemistry Biochemistry (medical) Membrane Proteins AMPK Cell Biology Fibroblasts Ribonucleotides Aminoimidazole Carboxamide Mitochondria Up-Regulation Cell biology bcl-2 Homologous Antagonist-Killer Protein Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 biology.protein Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins Bcl-2 Homologous Antagonist-Killer Protein |
| Zdroj: | Apoptosis. 18:1008-1016 |
| ISSN: | 1573-675X 1360-8185 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10495-013-0850-6 |
| Popis: | 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide (AICA) riboside (AICAR) is a nucleoside analogue that is phosphorylated to 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide ribotide (ZMP), which acts as an AMP mimetic and activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). It has been recently described that AICAR triggers apoptosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells, and its mechanism of action is independent of AMPK as well as p53. AICAR-mediated upregulation of the BH3-only proteins BIM and NOXA correlates with apoptosis induction in CLL cells. Here we propose mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) as a useful model to analyze the mechanism of AICAR-induced apoptosis. ZMP formation was required for AICAR-induced apoptosis, though direct Ampk activation with A-769662 failed to induce apoptosis in MEFs. AICAR potently induced apoptosis in Ampkα1 (-/-) /α2 (-/-) MEFs, demonstrating an Ampk-independent mechanism of cell death activation. In addition, AICAR acts independently of p53, as MEFs lacking p53 also underwent apoptosis normally. Notably, MEFs lacking Bax and Bak were completely resistant to AICAR-induced apoptosis, confirming the involvement of the mitochondrial pathway in its mechanism of action. Apoptosis was preceded by ZMP-dependent but Ampk-independent modulation of the mRNA levels of different Bcl-2 family members, including Noxa, Bim and Bcl-2. Bim protein levels were accumulated upon AICAR treatment of MEFs, suggesting its role in the apoptotic process. Strikingly, MEFs lacking both Bim and Noxa displayed high resistance to AICAR. These findings support the notion that MEFs are a useful system to further dissect the mechanism of AICAR-induced apoptosis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full text from SpringerLink