Voltage and Current Measuring Technologies for High Voltage Direct Current Supergrids: A Technology Review Identifying the Options for Protection, Fault Location and Automation Applications
Autor: | Xinzhou Dong, Graeme Burt, Eleni Tsotsopoulou, Adam Dysko, Vassilis Papaspiliotopoulos, Steven M. Blair, Dimitrios Tzelepis, Pawel Niewczas, Campbell Booth, Sohrab Mirsaeidi, Grzegorz Fusiek, Vasileios Psaras, Vassilis C. Nikolaidis, Qiteng Hong |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
Signal processing
General Computer Science Computer science business.industry 020209 energy TK 020208 electrical & electronic engineering Voltage divider General Engineering Electrical engineering HVDC technology 02 engineering and technology Transmission system power system measurements Fault detection and isolation fault detection TK1-9971 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering General Materials Science High-voltage direct current fault location Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering business Circuit breaker |
Zdroj: | IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 203398-203428 (2020) |
ISSN: | 2169-3536 |
Popis: | After the occurrence of a DC-side feeder faults on HVDC transmission systems, protection and fault detection systems are anticipated to minimize their onerous effects, by initiating fault-clearing actions such as selective tripping of circuit breakers. Following the successful fault clearance, a subsequent action of significant importance, is the meticulous estimation of its location as a means to accelerate the line restoration, reduce down-time, limit recovery and repair costs, and hence elevate the overall availability and reliability of the transmission system. In order to capture DC-side fault transients for protection and fault location applications, measuring equipment is required to be placed on HVDC installations. This paper focuses primarily on reviewing the available technologies from the perspective of enabling protection, fault location and automation applications in HVDC systems. The review constitutes a mapping of protection and fault location functions, against the available voltage and current measuring technologies, ultimately unlocking insights for selecting measuring equipment based on the desirable characteristics of protection and fault location systems. The review also revealed that the frequency characteristics of each sensing scheme, primarily refers to the bandwidth of the primary sensor, whereas the overall bandwidth of the complete measuring scheme may be further restricted by the secondary converter and corresponding data acquisition system and signal processing electronics. It was also identified that the use of RC voltage dividers has prevailed for voltage measurements for HVDC applications, due to their superior advantages. The choice of a suitable device for current measurement, depends mainly on the fault detection method used and the frequency range it operates. In particular, the review revealed that fault detection and protection methods are mainly concentrated in a frequency spectrum ranging from a few kHz to 100 kHz, while fault location methods require measurements with a frequency range from 100 kHz up to 2 MHz. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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