Individual and community level factors associated with anemia among children 6—59 months of age in Ethiopia: A further analysis of 2016 Ethiopia demographic and health survey

Autor: Berhe Etsay, Muzey Gebremichael, Abate Bekele, Lire Lemma, Afework Mulugeta, Menaseb Gebrehaweria Gebremeskel, Fre Gebremeskel, Haftay Gebremedhin, Letemichael Mezgebo, Tesfay Tsegay, Yohannes Kinfe, Yared Haileslasie, Selam Shushay
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Male
Cross-sectional study
Fevers
Social Sciences
Biochemistry
Geographical Locations
Families
0302 clinical medicine
Sociology
Odds Ratio
Medicine and Health Sciences
Ethnicities
Medicine
Public and Occupational Health
030212 general & internal medicine
Somalian People
Children
Multidisciplinary
Anemia
Hematology
Birth order
Area Under Curve
Child
Preschool
Multilevel Analysis
Educational Status
Female
Underweight
medicine.symptom
Research Article
medicine.medical_specialty
Science
030231 tropical medicine
Protective factor
Education
03 medical and health sciences
Signs and Symptoms
Humans
Hemoglobin
Educational Attainment
African People
Poverty
business.industry
Public health
Body Weight
Infant
Biology and Life Sciences
Proteins
Odds ratio
medicine.disease
Health Surveys
Cross-Sectional Studies
Logistic Models
ROC Curve
Socioeconomic Factors
Age Groups
People and Places
Africa
Population Groupings
Ethiopia
Clinical Medicine
business
Demography
Zdroj: PLoS ONE
PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 11, p e0241720 (2020)
ISSN: 1932-6203
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241720
Popis: Background Anemia is a global public health problem; but its burden is disproportionately borne among children in the African Regions. The 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey report showed that the prevalence of anemia among children 6–59 months of age was 57%; far exceeding the national target of 25% set for 2015. Although studies have been conducted in Ethiopia, multilevel analysis has rarely been used to identify factors associated with anemia among children. Therefore, this study aimed to identify individual and community-level factors associated with anemia among children 6–59 months of age by fitting a multilevel logistic regression model. Methods The data was obtained from the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey, conducted from January to June 2016, and downloaded from the website http://www.DHSprogram.com. The sample was taken using two-stage stratified sampling. In stage one, 645 Enumeration Areas and in stage two 28 households per Enumeration Area were selected. A sample of 7790 children 6–59 months of age was included. Data were analyzed using STATA version 14. A multilevel logistic regression model was fitted and an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was obtained. Result From the individual-level factors, anemia was associated most strongly with child age, wealth index, maternal anemia and child stunting followed by child underweight, child fever and birth order whereas from the community-level, the strongest odds of anemia occurred among children from Somali, Harari, Dire Dawa and Afar region followed by Oromia and Addis Ababa. Low community-poverty is a protective factor for anemia. The odds of anemia were 0.81 (95% CI: 0.66, 0.99) times lower for children who were living in communities of lower poverty status than children who were living in communities of higher poverty status. Children from Somali and Dire Dawa had 3.38 (95% CI: 3.25, 5.07) and 2.22 (95% CI: 1.42, 3.48) times higher odds of anemia, respectively than children from the Tigray region. Conclusions This study shows that anemia among children 6–59 months of age is affected both by the individual and community level factors. It is better to strengthen the strategies of early detection and management of stunted and underweight children. At the same time, interventions should be strengthened to address maternal anemia, child fever and poverty, specifically targeting regions identified to have a high risk of anemia.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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