Immigration of Highly–Skilled Workers to Estonia: Current Trends and Legislative Framework / Imigrácia Kvalifikovanej Pracovnej Sily Do Estónska: Súčasné Trendy A Právny Rámec
| Autor: | Hamed Alavi, Tatsiana Khamichonak |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
europska unia
Economic growth Labour economics Agriculture (General) media_common.quotation_subject Immigration Population imigracia S1-972 Immigration policy Political science media_common.cataloged_instance Population growth Skilled worker European union education skilled worker K3581-3598 european union media_common education.field_of_study Government estonsko Estonian kvalifi kovana pracovna sila language.human_language estonia Environmental law language immigration |
| Zdroj: | EU agrarian Law, Vol 4, Iss 2, Pp 7-14 (2015) |
| ISSN: | 1339-9276 |
| DOI: | 10.1515/eual-2015-0008 |
| Popis: | Estonian immigration policies have been largely influenced by its historical development. The figures from 1989 show that the population was only 61.5 percent Estonian by origin with the remaining 38.5 percent belonging to other ethnic backgrounds. Remarkably, 26 percent of the Estonian population were foreign born.(1) After joining the European Union in 2004, Estonia faced a high rate of outward migration, which was connected, inter alia, to the higher average salaries of the other Member States. The rapid expansion of the Estonian economy and growth of employment coupled with the negative population growth contributed to the need of foreign skilled labour.(2) Besides, the recent reform in the education system accounts for shortage of technical specialists in some labour areas.(3) It is thus not surprising that Estonian government employs focused, selective and demand-based immigration strategies to fight the ‘global war for talents’.(4),(5) The objective of the restrictive immigration policy is to attract first and foremost highly qualified professionals in the strategic economic areas while avoiding uncontrolled immigration and increase the sustainability and competitiveness of the Estonian economy. First part of current paper provides an overview of who falls under the classification of a ‘skilled’ worker and the Estonian perspective on talent attraction and retention. The second part lays down the existing legal framework, which covers the conditions and procedures of knowledge-worker’s immigration to Estonia. Particularly, this includes the relatively recent amendments to the Aliens Act 2004, which came into force in 2008 and set forth a facilitated approach towards entry and residence requirements. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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