Employing indicator-based geostatistics and quantitative microbial risk analysis to assess the health risks of groundwater use for household demands on the Pingtung Plain, Taiwan
| Autor: | Chun-Pei Chang, Shih-Kai Chen, Cheng-Shin Jang |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Pollution
Irrigation Environmental Engineering Agricultural Irrigation 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences media_common.quotation_subject Taiwan Aquifer Geostatistics 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Risk Assessment Microbial risk Geochemistry and Petrology Kriging Escherichia coli Environmental Chemistry Humans Groundwater 0105 earth and related environmental sciences General Environmental Science Water Science and Technology media_common geography Family Characteristics Spatial Analysis geography.geographical_feature_category Uncertainty General Medicine Environmental science Water resource management Surface water Monte Carlo Method Environmental Monitoring |
| Zdroj: | Environmental geochemistry and health. 42(7) |
| ISSN: | 1573-2983 |
| Popis: | Because of the limited surface water on the Pingtung Plain, Taiwan, the plain’s residents frequently extract groundwater to meet their daily household water demands. The residents may experience gastrointestinal infections due to incidental ingestion of groundwater with fecal pollution. This study used indicator kriging (IK) and quantitative microbial risk analysis (QMRA) to assess the health risks of using groundwater for household cleaning and horticultural irrigation on the Pingtung Plain. First, IK was employed to determine the conditional cumulative distribution function (CCDF) of groundwater Escherichia coli (E. coli). Nonparametric Monte Carlo simulation based on established CCDF was then adopted to characterize the distributions and uncertainty of groundwater E. coli. Finally, QMRA was employed to determine health risks of groundwater use for household cleaning and horticultural irrigation, and the 95th percentiles of the risk distributions were calculated to obtain a representative risk. The study results indicated that the health risks of groundwater use ranged from 3.95 × 10−5 to 2.49 × 10−2 infections/user/year and exceeded the acceptable level, 1 × 10−4 infections/user/year, in most of the aquifers. Accordingly, residents of this plain should not directly extract groundwater for use in daily life. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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