Field assessment of insecticide dusting and bait station treatment impact against rodent flea and house flea species in the Madagascar plague context

Autor: Sébastien Boyer, Minoarisoa Rajerison, Soanandrasana Rahelinirina, Romain Girod, Nadia Lova Razafimahatratra, Adélaïde Miarinjara
Přispěvatelé: Unité d'Entomologie Médicale [Antananarivo, Madagascar] (IPM), Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Université d'Antananarivo, Unité Peste - Plague Unit [Antananarivo, Madagascar], This work was supported and funded by Institut Pasteur de Madagascar.
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Bacterial Diseases
Flea
Insecticides
Rodent
Yersinia pestis
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
animal diseases
RC955-962
MESH: Rodentia
MESH: Madagascar
Toxicology
Geographical Locations
0302 clinical medicine
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
Medicine and Health Sciences
MESH: Animals
Rodenticide
Mammals
biology
Field assessment
Eukaryota
Agriculture
Animal Models
3. Good health
Insects
Infectious Diseases
Fleas
Experimental Organism Systems
MESH: Pest Control
Vertebrates
Siphonaptera
Public aspects of medicine
RA1-1270
Agrochemicals
Research Article
MESH: Rats
Arthropoda
Infectious Disease Control
030231 tropical medicine
MESH: Yersinia pestis
Context (language use)
Rodentia
MESH: Insect Vectors
MESH: Flea Infestations
Plague (disease)
Research and Analysis Methods
MESH: Plague
Rodents
Oriental rat flea
03 medical and health sciences
Model Organisms
Flea Infestations
biology.animal
parasitic diseases
Madagascar
Animals
Humans
Plague
MESH: Humans
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
Organisms
Biology and Life Sciences
MESH: Siphonaptera
biology.organism_classification
bacterial infections and mycoses
Invertebrates
MESH: Insecticides
Plagues
Rats
Insect Vectors
030104 developmental biology
Pulex
Amniotes
People and Places
Africa
Animal Studies
Pest Control
Zdroj: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Public Library of Science, 2019, 13 (8), pp.e0007604. ⟨10.1371/journal.pntd.0007604⟩
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 13, Iss 8, p e0007604 (2019)
ISSN: 1935-2727
1935-2735
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007604⟩
Popis: Bubonic is the most prevalent plague form in Madagascar. Indoor ground application of insecticide dust is the conventional method used to control potentially infected rodent fleas that transmit the plague bacterium from rodents to humans. The use of bait stations is an alternative approach for vector control during plague epidemics, as well as a preventive control method during non-epidemic seasons. Bait stations have many advantages, principally by reducing the amount of insecticide used, lowering the cost of the treatment and minimizing insecticide exposure in the environment. A previous study reported promising results on controlling simultaneously the reservoir and vectors, when slow-acting rodenticide was incorporated in bait stations called “Boîtes de Kartman”. However, little evidence of an effective control of the fleas prior to the elimination of rodents was found. In this study, we evaluated bait stations containing insecticide powder and non-toxic attractive rodent bait for their potential to control rat fleas. Its efficacy was compared to the standard method. The impact of both methods on indoor and outdoor rodent fleas, as well as the human household flea Pulex irritans were analyzed at different time points after treatments. Bait stations did not cause any significant immediate or delayed reduction of rat fleas and increasing the number of operational bait stations per household did not significantly improve their efficacy. Insecticide ground dusting appeared to be the most efficient method to control indoor rat fleas. Both methods appeared to have little impact on the density of outdoor rat fleas and human fleas. These results demonstrate limited effectiveness for bait stations and encourage the maintenance of insecticide dusting as a first-line control strategy in case of epidemic emergence of plague, when immediate effect on rodent fleas is needed. Recommendations are given to improve the efficacy of the bait station method.
Author summary Insecticide ground dusting inside houses is the recommended measure to control rat fleas responsible for bubonic plague transmission. The main inconvenience of this method is the direct contact of houseowners to the toxic insecticide dust and spillage in environment. A bait station approach, where the insecticide is confined in a box or tunnel containing rodent attractant, seems to be a valuable complementary or alternative vector control tool. However currently, little is known about its real efficacy on reducing or eliminating fleas harbored by rats. Guidelines regarding its implementation (density and duration of use) as vector control tool are lacking. Those questions were addressed during a field trial study, where bait stations were deployed at different densities per household and followed up at different time points. The efficacy of bait station was compared to the standard method. The present study allowed to demonstrate that bait station approach requires more improvements to be efficient. Meanwhile, insecticide ground dusting is still recommended for to control rat fleas during epidemics.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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