Green Production and Biotechnological Applications of Cell Wall Lytic Enzymes

Autor: Francesco Sestili, Daniel Valentin Savatin, Federica Locci, Giovanna Gramegna, Manuel Benedetti
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine
Plant Immunity
Raw material
01 natural sciences
lcsh:Technology
cell wall lytic enzymes
lignocellulose
sustainable biofactory
heterologous expression
microalgae
biofuel
plant immunity
lcsh:Chemistry
03 medical and health sciences
010608 biotechnology
General Materials Science
Instrumentation
lcsh:QH301-705.5
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes
biology
business.industry
lcsh:T
Process Chemistry and Technology
Fossil fuel
General Engineering
biology.organism_classification
lcsh:QC1-999
Computer Science Applications
030104 developmental biology
Lytic cycle
lcsh:Biology (General)
lcsh:QD1-999
Biofuel
lcsh:TA1-2040
Greenhouse gas
Environmental science
Heterologous expression
Biochemical engineering
business
lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Bacteria
Cell wall lytic enzymes
Lignocellulose
Microalgae
Plant immunity
Sustainable biofactory
lcsh:Physics
Zdroj: Applied Sciences, Vol 9, Iss 23, p 5012 (2019)
ISSN: 2076-3417
Popis: Energy demand is constantly growing, and, nowadays, fossil fuels still play a dominant role in global energy production, despite their negative effects on air pollution and the emission of greenhouse gases, which are the main contributors to global warming. An alternative clean source of energy is represented by the lignocellulose fraction of plant cell walls, the most abundant carbon source on Earth. To obtain biofuels, lignocellulose must be efficiently converted into fermentable sugars. In this regard, the exploitation of cell wall lytic enzymes (CWLEs) produced by lignocellulolytic fungi and bacteria may be considered as an eco-friendly alternative. These organisms evolved to produce a variety of highly specific CWLEs, even if in low amounts. For an industrial use, both the identification of novel CWLEs and the optimization of sustainable CWLE-expressing biofactories are crucial. In this review, we focus on recently reported advances in the heterologous expression of CWLEs from microbial and plant expression systems as well as some of their industrial applications, including the production of biofuels from agricultural feedstock and of value-added compounds from waste materials. Moreover, since heterologous expression of CWLEs may be toxic to plant hosts, genetic strategies aimed in converting such a deleterious effect into a beneficial trait are discussed.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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