High Prevalence of Coinfecting Enteropathogens in Suspected Rotavirus Vaccine Breakthrough Cases
| Autor: | Leen Beller, Marijke Reynders, Marc Van Ranst, Jelle Matthijnssens, Patrick Descheemaeker, Ceren Simsek, Mandy Bloemen, Daan Jansen |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Microbiology (medical)
Epidemiology viruses medicine.disease_cause Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Astrovirus Feces fluids and secretions Rotavirus parasitic diseases medicine Prevalence Humans Child biology business.industry RT-qPCR Rotavirus Vaccines virus diseases Breakthrough infection Sapovirus biology.organism_classification Rotavirus vaccine Virology rotavirus NGS Parechovirus Norovirus Enterovirus vaccine breakthrough enteric coinfections business gastroenteritis |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Clinical Microbiology |
| ISSN: | 1098-660X |
| Popis: | Despite the global use of rotavirus vaccines, vaccine breakthrough cases remain a pediatric health problem. In this study, we investigated suspected rotavirus vaccine breakthrough cases using next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based viral metagenomics (n = 102) and a panel of semiquantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-qPCR) (n = 92) targeting known enteric pathogens. Overall, we identified coinfections in 80% of the cases. Enteropathogens such as adenovirus (32%), enterovirus (15%), diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (1 to 14%), astrovirus (10%), Blastocystis spp. (10%), parechovirus (9%), norovirus (9%), Clostridioides (formerly Clostridium) difficile (9%), Dientamoeba fragilis (9%), sapovirus (8%), Campylobacter jejuni (4%), and Giardia lamblia (4%) were detected. Except for a few reassortant rotavirus strains, unusual genotypes or genotype combinations were not present. However, in addition to well-known enteric viruses, divergent variants of enteroviruses and nonclassic astroviruses were identified using NGS. We estimated that in 31.5% of the patients, rotavirus was likely not the cause of gastroenteritis, and in 14.1% of the patients, it contributed together with another pathogen(s) to disease. The remaining 54.4% of the patients likely had a true vaccine breakthrough infection. The high prevalence of alternative enteropathogens in the suspected rotavirus vaccine breakthrough cases suggests that gastroenteritis is often the result of a coinfection and that rotavirus vaccine effectiveness might be underestimated in clinical and epidemiological studies. ispartof: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY vol:59 issue:12 ispartof: location:United States status: published |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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