Opposite effects of early maternal deprivation on neurogenesis in male versus female rats
| Autor: | Rudy Cahyadi, Paul J. Lucassen, Harm J. Krugers, Eva C. Verbeek, Carlos Eduardo Neves Girardi, Marian Joëls, Charlotte A. Oomen |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Structural and Functional Plasticity of the nervous system (SILS, FNWI) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Cell Survival Offspring Neurogenesis Science Neuroscience/Neural Homeostasis Hippocampal formation Biology Sex Factors Internal medicine Weight Loss Neuroplasticity medicine Animals Rats Wistar Cell Proliferation Gliogenesis Analysis of Variance Maternal deprivation Neuronal Plasticity Multidisciplinary Behavior Animal Neuroscience/Neuronal and Glial Cell Biology Maternal Deprivation Dentate gyrus Cell Differentiation Neuroscience/Neurodevelopment Granule cell Rats medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology Animals Newborn Astrocytes Dentate Gyrus Medicine Female Neuroscience/Neurobiology of Disease and Regeneration Corticosterone Neuroglia Research Article |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE, 4(1):e3675. Public Library of Science PLoS ONE, Vol 4, Iss 1, p e3675 (2009) PLoS ONE |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | BackgroundMajor depression is more prevalent in women than in men. The underlying neurobiological mechanisms are not well understood, but recent data shows that hippocampal volume reductions in depressed women occur only when depression is preceded by an early life stressor. This underlines the potential importance of early life stress, at least in women, for the vulnerability to develop depression. Perinatal stress exposure in rodents affects critical periods of brain development that persistently alter structural, emotional and neuroendocrine parameters in adult offspring. Moreover, stress inhibits adult hippocampal neurogenesis, a form of structural plasticity that has been implicated a.o. in antidepressant action and is highly abundant early postnatally. We here tested the hypothesis that early life stress differentially affects hippocampal structural plasticity in female versus male offspring.Principal findingsWe show that 24 h of maternal deprivation (MD) at PND3 affects hippocampal structural plasticity at PND21 in a sex-dependent manner. Neurogenesis was significantly increased in male but decreased in female offspring after MD. Since no other structural changes were found in granule cell layer volume, newborn cell survival or proliferation rate, astrocyte number or gliogenesis, this indicates that MD elicits specific changes in subsets of differentiating cells and differentially affects immature neurons. The MD induced sex-specific effects on neurogenesis cannot be explained by differences in maternal care.ConclusionsOur data shows that early environment has a critical influence on establishing sex differences in neural plasticity and supports the concept that the setpoint for neurogenesis may be determined during perinatal life. It is tempting to speculate that a reduced level of neurogenesis, secondary to early stress exposure, may contribute to maladaptation of the HPA axis and possibly to the increased vulnerability of women to stress-related disorders. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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