Effect of delivery and episiotomy on the emergence of urinary incontinence in women: review of literature
| Autor: | Vjekoslav Mandić, Nikica Živković, Slavko Orešković, Damir Hodžić, Krešimir Živković, Tomislav Župić |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Episiotomy Stress incontinence medicine.medical_specialty Maternal Health Urinary Incontinence Stress medicine.medical_treatment Pelvic floor disorders Urinary incontinence lcsh:Medicine 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Pelvic floor dysfunction Risk Factors Pregnancy medicine Humans Childbirth 030212 general & internal medicine 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine Pelvic floor Obstetrics business.industry Vaginal delivery lcsh:R Puerperal Disorders General Medicine Delivery Obstetric medicine.disease medicine.anatomical_structure Female medicine.symptom business |
| Zdroj: | Acta Clinica Croatica, Vol 55, Iss 4., Pp 615-623 (2016) |
| ISSN: | 1333-9451 0353-9466 |
| Popis: | Episiotomy is obstetric procedure during which the incision extends the vestibule of the vagina during the second stage of labor. Episiotomy was extensively spread with gradual increase of rates in the first half of the 20th century and was performed medio-laterally in all nulliparous women with the idea to protect fetal head from trauma and pelvic floor from injuries. However, reports claiming that episiotomy had no such benefits were published. It was shown that routine medio-lateral episiotomy did not protect against the appearance of urinary incontinence after vaginal delivery, while the risk of anal incontinence could be increased. The role of episiotomy in development of pelvic floor dysfunction remains quite unclear. Due to the mentioned reason, restricted episiotomy approach should be accepted. The origin of stress incontinence during pregnancy is controversial and not definitely scientifically proven. Pregnancy per se and older age at first delivery may have impact on the onset of pelvic floor dysfunction. Urinary incontinence in pregnancy increases the risk of later urinary incontinence, both postpartum and later in life. Vaginal delivery is just one of the potential risk factors for development of urinary incontinence. Mechanical pressure by fetus on the pelvic floor structures, limited denervation of the pelvic floor and soft tissue damage during delivery are some of explanations for the onset of stress urinary incontinence. On the other hand, cesarean delivery might not be protective against emergence of urinary incontinence. Further research in this field is needed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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