An in vitro study of dual drug combinations of anti-viral agents, antibiotics, and/or hydroxychloroquine against the SARS-CoV-2 virus isolated from hospitalized patients in Surabaya, Indonesia

Autor: Tri Pudy Asmarawati, Igo Syaiful Ihsan, Aristika Dinaryanti, Erika Marfiani, Ni Nyoman Tri Puspaningsih, Andang Miatmoko, Deya Karsari, Nora Ertanti, Herley Windo Setiawan, Eryk Hendrianto, Prastuti Asta Wulaningrum, Yulistiani, Purwati, Imam Siswanto, Nasronudin, Alfian Nur Rosyid, Disca Sandyakala Purnama
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
RNA viruses
0301 basic medicine
Viral Diseases
Time Factors
Coronaviruses
Cytotoxicity
Cell Lines
Antibiotics
Pharmacology
Toxicology
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
medicine.disease_cause
Medical Conditions
0302 clinical medicine
Animal Cells
Chlorocebus aethiops
Medicine and Health Sciences
Public and Occupational Health
030212 general & internal medicine
Cells
Cultured
Coronavirus
media_common
Multidisciplinary
Antimicrobials
Stem Cells
Drugs
Software Engineering
Medical microbiology
Viral Load
Vaccination and Immunization
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Hospitalization
Drug Combinations
Infectious Diseases
Doxycycline
Viruses
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Engineering and Technology
Medicine
Biological Cultures
SARS CoV 2
Pathogens
Cellular Types
Viral load
Research Article
Hydroxychloroquine
medicine.drug
Drug
Computer and Information Sciences
SARS coronavirus
Cell Survival
medicine.drug_class
Science
media_common.quotation_subject
Immunology
Favipiravir
Research and Analysis Methods
Microbiology
Antiviral Agents
Virus
Computer Software
Antimalarials
Inhibitory Concentration 50
03 medical and health sciences
Antiviral Therapy
Microbial Control
medicine
Animals
Humans
Vero Cells
IC50
Inpatients
SARS-CoV-2
business.industry
Organisms
Viral pathogens
Biology and Life Sciences
COVID-19
Covid 19
Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Cell Biology
Microbial pathogens
COVID-19 Drug Treatment
030104 developmental biology
Indonesia
Preventive Medicine
business
Zdroj: PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 6, p e0252302 (2021)
PLoS ONE
ISSN: 1932-6203
Popis: A potent therapy for the infectious coronavirus disease COVID-19 is urgently required with, at the time of writing, research in this area still ongoing. This study aims to evaluate the in vitro anti-viral activities of combinations of certain commercially available drugs that have recently formed part of COVID-19 therapy. Dual combinatory drugs, namely; Lopinavir-Ritonavir (LOPIRITO)-Clarithromycin (CLA), LOPIRITO-Azithromycin (AZI), LOPIRITO-Doxycycline (DOXY), Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ)-AZI, HCQ-DOXY, Favipiravir (FAVI)-AZI, HCQ-FAVI, and HCQ-LOPIRITO, were prepared. These drugs were mixed at specific ratios and evaluated for their safe use based on the cytotoxicity concentration (CC50) values of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. The anti-viral efficacy of these combinations in relation to Vero cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus isolated from a patient in Universitas Airlangga hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia and evaluated for IC50 24, 48, and 72 hours after viral inoculation was subsequently determined. Observation of the viral load in qRT-PCR was undertaken, the results of which indicated the absence of high levels of cytotoxicity in any samples and that dual combinatory drugs produced lower cytotoxicity than single drugs. In addition, these combinations demonstrated considerable effectiveness in reducing the copy number of the virus at 48 and 72 hours, while even at 24 hours, post-drug incubation resulted in low IC50 values. Most combination drugs reduced pro-inflammatory markers, i.e. IL-6 and TNF-α, while increasing the anti-inflammatory response of IL-10. According to these results, the descending order of effective dual combinatory drugs is one of LOPIRITO-AZI>LOPIRITO-DOXY>HCQ-AZI>HCQ-FAVI>LOPIRITO-CLA>HCQ-DOX. It can be suggested that dual combinatory drugs, e.g. LOPIRITO-AZI, can potentially be used in the treatment of COVID-19 infectious diseases.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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