Hormonal Profiles of Menstrual Bleeding Patterns During the Luteal-Follicular Transition
| Autor: | Melanie H. Jacobson, James S. Kesner, Metrecia L. Terrell, Juliana W. Meadows, Penelope P. Howards, Lyndsey A. Darrow, Celia E. Dominguez, Jessica B. Spencer, Michele Marcus |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty Time Factors Adolescent medicine.drug_class Estrone Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism media_common.quotation_subject Clinical Biochemistry Physiology Context (language use) Luteal phase Luteal Phase Urinalysis Biochemistry Menstruation Cohort Studies chemistry.chemical_compound Young Adult Endocrinology Internal medicine Follicular phase Medicine Humans Longitudinal Studies Gonadal Steroid Hormones Menstrual cycle reproductive and urinary physiology Clinical Research Articles media_common business.industry Biochemistry (medical) digestive oral and skin physiology Spotting Middle Aged chemistry Follicular Phase Estrogen Pregnanediol Female business |
| Zdroj: | J Clin Endocrinol Metab |
| Popis: | Context Menstrual cycle function is determined by a complex endocrine axis that controls the ovaries and endometrium. While the late luteal phase is characterized by declining progesterone and estrogen, how these hormonal profiles relate to menstrual bleeding patterns is not well understood. Objective Characterize associations between luteal phase hormonal profiles and subsequent menstrual bleeding patterns, specifically spotting before bleeding. Design, Setting, and Participants We examined creatinine-adjusted urinary estrone 3-glucuronide (E13G) and pregnanediol 3-glucuronide (Pd3G) levels in relation to spotting in 116 premenopausal women (ages 20–47) who kept daily menstrual diaries and collected first morning urine samples for ≥ 2 consecutive cycles or 1 luteal-follicular transition (n = 283 transitions). We used linear mixed models to estimate associations between luteal phase hormone levels and spotting before bleeding. Main Outcome Measure(s) and Results Transitions with ≥ 1 days of spotting before menstrual bleeding (n = 118) had greater luteal phase Pd3G levels vs nonspotting transitions (n = 165). Differences in Pd3G between spotting and nonspotting transitions were largest at menses onset (34.8%, 95% confidence interval, 18.9%, 52.7%). Pd3G levels for spotting transitions dropped to similar levels as nonspotting transitions an average of 1 day later, which aligned with the first day of bleeding for transitions with contiguous spotting. Spotting transitions were preceded by slower rates of Pd3G decline than nonspotting transitions, whereas E13G declines were similar. Conclusions Self-reported bleeding patterns may provide insight into luteal phase Pd3G levels. First bleed appears to be the best choice for defining the end of the luteal phase and achieving hormonal consistency across transitions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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