Metabolic-based insecticide resistance mechanism and ecofriendly approaches for controlling of beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua: a review

Autor: Li Xiaowei, Zhijun Zhang, Muhammad Hafeez, Shah Fahad, Muhammad Musa Khan, Muhammad Imran, Mohammed A. Assiri, Muzammal Rehman, Nicolas Desneux, Farman Ullah, Yaobin Lu, G. Mandela Fernández-Grandon, Sakhawat Shah
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Zdroj: Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 29:1746-1762
ISSN: 1614-7499
0944-1344
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16974-w
Popis: The beet army worm, Spodoptera exigua, is a widely distributed polyphagous pest of economically important crops worldwide.\ud The management of this pest insect continues to face many challenges. Despite synthetic chemicals posing a serious\ud threat to the environment, these remain the conventional approach for controlling S. exigua in the field. An over-reliance on\ud chemical control has not only led to selection for resistance to insecticides and to a reduction of natural enemies, but has also\ud polluted various components of ecosystem. Given these increasing pressures on the ecosystem, there is a need to implement\ud integrated pest management (IPM) approaches exploiting a wider range of tools (biotechnological approaches, microbial\ud control, biological control, cultural control, and use of host plant resistance) for an alternative to chemical control. The IPM\ud approach can not only reduce the hazard of chemical residues in the environment and associated health problems, but may\ud also provide best strategies to control insect pests. This review synthesizes published information on insecticide resistance\ud of S. exigua and explores alternative IPM approaches to control S. exigua.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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