Assessment of hepatocellular carcinoma using apparent diffusion coefficient and diffusion kurtosis indices: preliminary experience in fresh liver explants
| Autor: | Bradley Spieler, Glyn Morgan, Eric E. Sigmund, Aaron M. Winnick, Andrew B. Rosenkrantz, Cristina H. Hajdu, Benjamin E. Niver |
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| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Carcinoma Hepatocellular Coefficient of variation Biomedical Engineering Biophysics Normal Distribution Diffusion Necrosis Nuclear magnetic resonance medicine Image Processing Computer-Assisted Effective diffusion coefficient Humans Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Diffusion (business) neoplasms Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging Aged medicine.diagnostic_test Chemistry Liver Neoplasms Magnetic resonance imaging HCCS Middle Aged Magnetic Resonance Imaging digestive system diseases Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Liver Kurtosis Female Algorithms Diffusion MRI |
| Zdroj: | Magnetic resonance imaging. 30(10) |
| ISSN: | 1873-5894 |
| Popis: | Objectives The objective was to perform ex vivo evaluation of non-Gaussian diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) for assessment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), including presence of treatment-related necrosis, using fresh liver explants. Methods Twelve liver explants underwent 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging using a DKI sequence with maximal b-value of 2000 s/mm2. A standard monoexponential fit was used to calculate apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and a non-Gaussian kurtosis fit was used to calculate K, a measure of excess kurtosis of diffusion, and D, a corrected diffusion coefficient accounting for this non-Gaussian behavior. The mean value of these parameters was measured for 16 HCCs based upon histologic findings. For each metric, HCC-to-liver contrast was calculated, and coefficient of variation (CV) was computed for voxels within the lesion as an indicator of heterogeneity. A single hepatopathologist determined HCC necrosis and cellularity. Results The 16 HCCs demonstrated intermediate-to-substantial excess diffusional kurtosis, and mean corrected diffusion coefficient D was 23% greater than mean ADC (P=.002). HCC-to-liver contrast and CV of HCC were greater for K than ADC or D, although these differences were significant only for CV of HCCs (P≤.046). ADC, D and K all showed significant differences between non-, partially and completely necrotic HCCs (P≤.004). Among seven nonnecrotic HCCs, cellularity showed a strong inverse correlation with ADC (r=−0.80), a weaker inverse correlation with D (− 0.24) and a direct correlation with K (r= 0.48). Conclusions We observed non-Gaussian diffusion behavior for HCCs ex vivo; this DKI model may have added value in HCC characterization in comparison with a standard monoexponential model of diffusion-weighted imaging. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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