Return to the sea, get huge, beat cancer : An analysis of Cetacean genomes including an assembly for the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae)
| Autor: | Jacinda D Garcia, Aleah F. Caulin, Tomas Marques-Bonet, Carlo C. Maley, Marc Tollis, Lukas F. K. Kuderna, Andrew E. Webb, Per J. Palsbøll, Jooke Robbins, Nader Pourmand, Martine Bérubé, Mary J. O'Connell |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Palsbøll lab, Tollis, Marc, Robbins, Jooke, Webb, Andrew E., Kuderna, Lukas F.K., Caulin, Aleah F., Garcia, Jacinda D., Bèrubè, Martine, Pourmand, Nader, Marquès i Bonet, Tomàs, 1975, O'Connell, Mary J., Palsbøll, Per J., Maley, Carlo C., Shapiro, Beth |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Adaptation Biological Apoptosis 01 natural sciences Genome Humpback whale Neoplasms Genes Tumor Suppressor Clade Phylogeny Segmental duplication Cancer 0303 health sciences biology Cope's rule Tumor Suppressor Biotechnology Evolution 010603 evolutionary biology Evolution Molecular 03 medical and health sciences Genetic Molecular evolution biology.animal medicine Genetics Animals 14. Life underwater Adaptation Selection Genetic Molecular Biology Selection Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Discoveries 030304 developmental biology Demography Evolutionary Biology Cetaceans Whale Human Genome Molecular biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Biological Gigantism Good Health and Well Being Genes Evolutionary biology Biochemistry and Cell Biology |
| Zdroj: | Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Molecular Biology and Evolution, 36(8). Oxford University Press Molecular Biology and Evolution Molecular biology and evolution, vol 36, iss 8 Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya instname |
| ISSN: | 0737-4038 |
| Popis: | Cetaceans are a clade of highly specialized aquatic mammals that include the largest animals that have ever lived. The largest whales can have ∼1,000× more cells than a human, with long lifespans, leaving them theoretically susceptible to cancer. However, large-bodied and long-lived animals do not suffer higher risks of cancer mortality than humans—an observation known as Peto’s Paradox. To investigate the genomic bases of gigantism and other cetacean adaptations, we generated a de novo genome assembly for the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) and incorporated the genomes of ten cetacean species in a comparative analysis. We found further evidence that rorquals (family Balaenopteridae) radiated during the Miocene or earlier, and inferred that perturbations in abundance and/or the interocean connectivity of North Atlantic humpback whale populations likely occurred throughout the Pleistocene. Our comparative genomic results suggest that the evolution of cetacean gigantism was accompanied by strong selection on pathways that are directly linked to cancer. Large segmental duplications in whale genomes contained genes controlling the apoptotic pathway, and genes inferred to be under accelerated evolution and positive selection in cetaceans were enriched for biological processes such as cell cycle checkpoint, cell signaling, and proliferation. We also inferred positive selection on genes controlling the mammalian appendicular and cranial skeletal elements in the cetacean lineage, which are relevant to extensive anatomical changes during cetacean evolution. Genomic analyses shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying cetacean traits, including gigantism, and will contribute to the development of future targets for human cancer therapies. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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