Resilience and Vulnerability of Public Transportation Fare Systems: The Case of the City of Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
| Autor: | Marcelino Aurélio Vieira da Silva, Vicente Aprigliano Fernandes, Tálita Floriano Santos, Greg Marsden |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Geography
Planning and Development vulnerability Vulnerability TJ807-830 Developing country 010501 environmental sciences Management Monitoring Policy and Law TD194-195 01 natural sciences Renewable energy sources 0502 economics and business GE1-350 Resilience (network) Socioeconomic status Environmental planning resilience 0105 earth and related environmental sciences public transport 050210 logistics & transportation Environmental effects of industries and plants Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment Downtown business.industry 05 social sciences Subsidy Environmental sciences Harm Public transport Business fuzzy logic |
| Zdroj: | Sustainability Volume 12 Issue 2 Sustainability, Vol 12, Iss 2, p 647 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 2071-1050 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/su12020647 |
| Popis: | Resilience is the ability of a system to adapt, persist, and transform as a reaction to threats, which may be external or internal to the system, while vulnerability is the state of being susceptible to harm from exposure to stresses associated with environmental and social change and from the inability to adapt. Based on a study of the threats that can affect urban mobility, we identified a gap regarding the analysis of the levels of resilience and vulnerability in the face of subsidy threats that can severely affect developing countries. This article measures the level of resilience and vulnerability due to the absence of public transport fare subsidies. For this purpose, we developed an approach based on fuzzy logic and applied it in 33 administrative regions (ARs) of the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We obtained four matrices of the levels of vulnerability and resilience of each of the regions as an origin and destination. The results show that areas nearest to the downtown region and those with high-capacity transportation available (commuter train and/or subway, systems with many transfer points) are more resilient, while a high level of vulnerability is associated with low income, negative socioeconomic indicators, and the predominance of road transportation to reach jobs. The contribution of this paper is the method applied to analyse the levels of vulnerability and resilience of public transport, which includes a threat that can cause a rupture that impacts routines and job accessibility in a region. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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