Patients with Long QT Syndrome Due to Impaired hERG-encoded Kv11.1 Potassium Channel Have Exaggerated Endocrine Pancreatic and Incretin Function Associated with Reactive Hypoglycemia
| Autor: | Thomas Jespersen, Bolette Hartmann, Michael Christiansen, Nicolai J. Wewer Albrechtsen, Jørgen K. Kanters, Torben Hansen, Allan Linneberg, Eva W. Iepsen, Anniek F. Lubberding, Jens J. Holst, Henrik Vestergaard, Oluf Pedersen, Signe S. Torekov, Mathilde Svendstrup, Louise Hyltén-Cavallius |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Male Time Factors Long QT Syndrome/blood Action Potentials Electrocardiography Mice insulin-secreting cells glucose Potassium Channel Blockers/pharmacology Reactive hypoglycemia biology Middle Aged Potassium channel long-QT syndrome Phenotype Incretins/metabolism C-Peptide/blood RNA Interference Female Glucagon/blood Islets of Langerhans/metabolism Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Adult medicine.medical_specialty congenital hereditary and neonatal diseases and abnormalities Long QT syndrome hERG Incretin Heart Conduction System/metabolism Hypoglycemia Transfection Glucagon 03 medical and health sciences Blood Glucose/drug effects Physiology (medical) Internal medicine Cell Line Tumor Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/blood medicine Journal Article Endocrine system Humans Animals Genetic Predisposition to Disease Rats Wistar business.industry glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) potassium channels voltage-gated arrhythmias cardiac Glucose Tolerance Test medicine.disease ERG1 Potassium Channel/antagonists & inhibitors 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology hypoglycemia glucagon Case-Control Studies Mutation biology.protein Hypoglycemia/blood Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide/blood hyperglycemia business Insulin/blood Biomarkers/blood |
| Zdroj: | Hyltén-Cavallius, L, Iepsen, E W, Wewer Albrechtsen, N J, Svendstrup, M, Lubberding, A F, Hartmann, B, Jespersen, T, Linneberg, A, Christiansen, M, Vestergaard, H, Pedersen, O, Holst, J J, Kanters, J K, Hansen, T & Torekov, S S 2017, ' Patients with Long QT Syndrome Due to Impaired hERG-encoded Kv11.1 Potassium Channel Have Exaggerated Endocrine Pancreatic and Incretin Function Associated with Reactive Hypoglycemia ', Circulation, vol. 135, no. 18, pp. 1705-1719 . https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.024279 Hyltén-Cavallius, L, Iepsen, E W, Wewer Albrechtsen, N J, Svendstrup, M, Lubberding, A F, Hartmann, B, Jespersen, T, Linneberg, A, Christiansen, M, Vestergaard, H, Pedersen, O, Holst, J J, Kanters, J K, Hansen, T & Torekov, S 2017, ' Patients with Long QT Syndrome Due to Impaired hERG-encoded Kv11.1 Potassium Channel Have Exaggerated Endocrine Pancreatic and Incretin Function Associated with Reactive Hypoglycemia ', Circulation, vol. 135, no. 18, pp. 1705-1719 . https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.024279 Hyltén-Cavallius, L, Iepsen, E W, Wewer Albrechtsen, N J, Svendstrup, M, Lubberding, A F, Hartmann, B, Jespersen, T, Linneberg, A, Christiansen, M, Vestergaard, H, Pedersen, O, Holst, J J, Kanters, J K, Hansen, T & Torekov, S S 2017, ' Patients with Long-QT Syndrome Caused by Impaired hERG-Encoded Kv11.1 Potassium Channel Have Exaggerated Endocrine Pancreatic and Incretin Function Associated with Reactive Hypoglycemia ', Circulation, vol. 135, no. 18, pp. 1705-1719 . https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.024279 |
| DOI: | 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.024279 |
| Popis: | Background: Loss-of-function mutations in hERG (encoding the K v 11.1 voltage-gated potassium channel) cause long-QT syndrome type 2 (LQT2) because of prolonged cardiac repolarization. However, K v 11.1 is also present in pancreatic α and β cells and intestinal L and K cells, secreting glucagon, insulin, and the incretins glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide), respectively. These hormones are crucial for glucose regulation, and long-QT syndrome may cause disturbed glucose regulation. We measured secretion of these hormones and cardiac repolarization in response to glucose ingestion in LQT2 patients with functional mutations in hERG and matched healthy participants, testing the hypothesis that LQT2 patients have increased incretin and β-cell function and decreased α-cell function, and thus lower glucose levels. Methods: Eleven patients with LQT2 and 22 sex-, age-, and body mass index–matched control participants underwent a 6-hour 75-g oral glucose tolerance test with ECG recording and blood sampling for measurements of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, GLP-1, and GIP. Results: In comparison with matched control participants, LQT2 patients had 56% to 78% increased serum insulin, serum C-peptide, plasma GLP-1, and plasma GIP responses ( P =0.03–0.001) and decreased plasma glucose levels after glucose ingestion ( P =0.02) with more symptoms of hypoglycemia ( P =0.04). Sixty-three percent of LQT2 patients developed hypoglycemic plasma glucose levels (P =0.16), and 18% patients developed serious hypoglycemia (P =0.008. β-Cell function (Insulin Secretion Sensitivity Index-2) was 2-fold higher in LQT2 patients than in controls (4398 [95% confidence interval, 2259–8562] versus 2156 [1961–3201], P =0.03). Pharmacological K v 11.1 blockade (dofetilide) in rats had similar effect, and small interfering RNA inhibition of hERG in β and L cells increased insulin and GLP-1 secretion up to 50%. Glucose ingestion caused cardiac repolarization disturbances with increased QTc intervals in both patients and controls, but with a 122% greater increase in QTcF interval in LQT2 patients ( P =0.004). Conclusions: Besides a prolonged cardiac repolarization phase, LQT2 patients display increased GLP-1, GIP, and insulin secretion and defective glucagon secretion, causing decreased plasma glucose and thus increased risk of hypoglycemia. Furthermore, glucose ingestion increased QT interval and aggravated the cardiac repolarization disturbances in LQT2 patients. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT02775513. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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